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GABA and Glutamate Synaptic Coadaptations to Chronic Ethanol in the Striatum

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The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 248))

Abstract

Alcohol (ethanol) is a widely used and abused drug with approximately 90% of adults over the age of 18 consuming alcohol at some point in their lifetime. Alcohol exerts its actions through multiple neurotransmitter systems within the brain, most notably the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems. Alcohol’s actions on GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission have been suggested to underlie the acute behavioral effects of ethanol. The striatum is the primary input nucleus of the basal ganglia that plays a role in motor and reward systems. The effect of ethanol on GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission within striatal circuitry has been thought to underlie ethanol taking, seeking, withdrawal and relapse. This chapter reviews the effects of ethanol on GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission, highlighting the dynamic changes in striatal circuitry from acute to chronic exposure and withdrawal.

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  1. Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA

    Verginia C. Cuzon Carlson

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Correspondence to Verginia C. Cuzon Carlson .

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  1. Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA

    Kathleen A. Grant

  2. Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    David M. Lovinger

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Cuzon Carlson, V.C. (2018). GABA and Glutamate Synaptic Coadaptations to Chronic Ethanol in the Striatum. In: Grant, K., Lovinger, D. (eds) The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol . Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 248. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_98

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