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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Polyesters and Polyamides by Ring-Opening Polymerization

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Microwave-assisted Polymer Synthesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 274))

Abstract

Microwave-assisted heating has been described as an efficient heating technique that can enhance the reaction rate for many reactions. Consequently, it is a key strategy for ring-opening polymerizations, which are often limited by low polymerization rates. This review summarizes recent efforts in the field of microwave-assisted polyester and polyamide syntheses from cyclic monomers and dimers, with a broad focus on poly(lactic acid)s and poly(ε-caprolactone)s. Homo- and copolymerizations as well as graft polymerizations are discussed. Both the polymerizations themselves as well as the preparation of composites/materials are addressed. Special attention is directed towards the discussion of non-thermal microwave effects.

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Abbreviations

(d/l)-LA:

(d/l)-lactic acid

CH:

Conventional heating

CL:

ε-Caprolactone

Đ M :

Molar mass dispersity

DMF:

Dimethylformamide

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DO:

Dioxanone

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

GA:

Glycolic acid

IR:

Infrared (spectroscopy)

LCCC:

Liquid chromatography under critical conditions

MALDI:

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization

M m :

Mass-average molecular weight

M n :

Number-average molecular weight

mPEG:

Methoxylated poly(ethylene glycol)

M v :

Viscosity-average molecular weight

MW:

Microwave

NCA:

N-Carboxyanhydride

P(d/l)LA:

Poly((d/l)-lactic acid)

PAA:

Poly(acrylic acid)

PCL:

Poly(ε-caprolactone)

PDO:

Polydioxanone

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PET:

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

PGA:

Poly(glycolic acid)

PHA:

Poly(hydroxy alkanoate)

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid

PSt:

Polystyrene

PTMC:

Poly(trimethylene carbonate)

PVA:

Poly(vinyl alcohol)

ROP:

Ring-opening polymerization

SBF:

Simulated body fluid

SEC:

Size exclusion chromatography

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

stat :

Statistical

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

T g :

Glass-transition temperature

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analysis

THF:

Tetrahydrofuran

T m :

Melting temperature

TMC:

Trimethylene carbonate

TOF:

Time of flight (spectroscopy)

wt:

Weight

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

β-TCP:

β-Tricalcium phosphate

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Acknowledgement

The research work was performed within the K-Project “PolyComp” and at the Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH (PCCL, Austria) within the framework of the COMET-program of the Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology and the Federal Ministry for Economy, Family and Youth, with contributions by the Graz University of Technology and Infineon Technologies Austria AG. Funding of the K-Project “PolyComp” is provided by the Austrian Government and the State Government of Styria; the PCCL is funded by the Austrian Government and the State Governments of Styria, Lower Austria, and Upper Austria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Competence Center Leoben, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria

    Martin Fimberger & Frank Wiesbrock

  2. Graz University of Technology, Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, NAWI Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria

    Martin Fimberger

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  1. Martin Fimberger
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  2. Frank Wiesbrock
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Correspondence to Frank Wiesbrock .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Organic Chemistry Supramolecular Chemistry group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Richard Hoogenboom

  2. Institute for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

    Ulrich S. Schubert

  3. Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Leoben, Austria

    Frank Wiesbrock

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Fimberger, M., Wiesbrock, F. (2014). Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Polyesters and Polyamides by Ring-Opening Polymerization. In: Hoogenboom, R., Schubert, U., Wiesbrock, F. (eds) Microwave-assisted Polymer Synthesis. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 274. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2014_293

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