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Impact of Protein Glycosylation on the Design of Viral Vaccines

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Advances in Glycobiotechnology

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 175))

Abstract

Glycans play crucial roles in various biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell-cell interactions, and immune responses. Since viruses co-opt cellular biosynthetic pathways, viral glycosylation mainly depends on the host cell glycosylation machinery. Consequently, several viruses exploit the cellular glycosylation pathway to their advantage. It was shown that viral glycosylation is strongly dependent on the host system selected for virus propagation and/or protein expression. Therefore, the use of different expression systems results in various glycoforms of viral glycoproteins that may differ in functional properties. These differences clearly illustrate that the choice of the expression system can be important, as the resulting glycosylation may influence immunological properties. In this review, we will first detail protein N- and O-glycosylation pathways and the resulting glycosylation patterns; we will then discuss different aspects of viral glycosylation in pathogenesis and in vaccine development; and finally, we will elaborate on how to harness viral glycosylation in order to optimize the design of viral vaccines. To this end, we will highlight specific examples to demonstrate how glycoengineering approaches and exploitation of different expression systems could pave the way towards better self-adjuvanted glycan-based viral vaccines.

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Abbreviations

APC:

Antigen-presenting cell

Asn or N:

Asparagine

CHO:

Chinese hamster ovary

CLR:

C-type lectin receptor

DC-SIGN:

Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin

EBOV:

Ebola virus

ER:

Endosplasmic reticulum

FcR:

Fc receptor

FDL:

Fused lobes

Fuc:

l-Fucose

Gal:

d-Galactose

GalNAc:

N-Acetyl-d-galactosamine

Glc:

d-Glucose

GlcNAc:

N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine

GP:

Glycoprotein

HA:

Hemagglutinin

HBV:

Hepatitis B virus

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

HIV-1:

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1

HSV-1:

Herpes simplex virus type 1

HSV-2:

Herpes simplex virus type 2

JEV:

Japanese encephalitis virus

LacNAc:

N-Acetyllactosamine (β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose)

Man:

d-Mannose

MDCK:

Madin-Darby canine kidney

MDL-1:

Myeloid DAP12-associating lectin 1

MMR:

Macrophage mannose receptor

MPL:

3-O-Desacyl-4′-monophosphoryl lipid

NA:

Neuraminidase

nAb:

Neutralizing antibody

Neu5Ac:

N-Acetylneuraminic acid

Neu5Gc:

N-Glycolylneuraminic acid

NIPV:

Nipah virus

PRR:

Pattern recognition receptor

RVFV:

Rift Valley fever phlebovirus

Ser or S:

Serine

sGP:

Secreted glycoprotein

Sia:

Sialic acid

SIV:

Simian immunodeficiency virus

SNFG:

Symbol Nomenclature for Glycans

Thr or T:

Threonine

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

VLP:

Virus-like particle

WNV:

West Nile virus

Xyl:

d-Xylose

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Acknowledgments

G. Goyette-Desjardins is a recipient of a postdoctoral research fellowship from the “Fonds de recherche du Québec - Nature et technologies” (FRQNT, Canada). K. Schön is funded by the “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” (DFG, Germany; #398066876/GRK 2485/1).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany

    Kathleen Schön, Bernd Lepenies & Guillaume Goyette-Desjardins

  2. Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany

    Kathleen Schön

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  1. Kathleen Schön
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  2. Bernd Lepenies
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  3. Guillaume Goyette-Desjardins
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Correspondence to Bernd Lepenies or Guillaume Goyette-Desjardins .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany

    Erdmann Rapp  & Udo Reichl  & 

  2. glyXera GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany

    Erdmann Rapp

  3. Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

    Udo Reichl

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Schön, K., Lepenies, B., Goyette-Desjardins, G. (2020). Impact of Protein Glycosylation on the Design of Viral Vaccines. In: Rapp, E., Reichl, U. (eds) Advances in Glycobiotechnology. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 175. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2020_132

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