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Lost in the mountains? The Cova del Sardo and the Neolithisation of the Southern Central Pyrenees (fifth-third mill. cal bc)

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Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of the analysis of the Cova del Sardo flaked stone assemblage, a rock shelter located at 1.790 m a.s.l. in the Central Pyrenees. An integrated analysis of the lithic record, from a petrological, technological, and functional point of view, has been realised. The daily life activities carried out at the site have been reconstructed and a diachronic reading of the data has been finalised. An interpretation in terms of territorial and economic organisation of the prehistoric group is advanced. A mixed farming economy is suggested, even if herding and pasture exploitation could have locally played an important role. The analysis of lithic raw materials indicates that the groups followed a south-north mobility, as most of exploited cherts are from southern sources (Ebro valley and pre-Pyrenean ranges). Finally, the Cova del Sardo is discussed within a broader framework, taking into account the Neolithisation process of the Southern Central Pyrenees.

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Acknowledgements

This research is part of the project ‘Modelización de los espacios prehistóricos de montaña. Un SIG del patrimonio arqueológico y los territorios pastoriles (HAR2015-66780-P)’ funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund and directed by E. Gassiot. We would like to thank the Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici National Park, all the members of the GAAM “Grup d’Arqueologia de l’Alta Muntanya” (UAB-CSIC) and all the people involved in our research. In addition, we would like to thank the LitoCAT (IMF-CSIC) for their precious help with raw material analysis and classification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMR 7055, Préhistoire et Technologie, CNRS—Université Paris Nanterre, 21 allée de l’Université, 92023, Nanterre Cedex, France

    Niccolò Mazzucco

  2. GAAM (UAB-CSIC) and Agrest Group, Barcelona, Spain

    Niccolò Mazzucco, Ignacio Clemente Conte & Ermengol Gassiot

  3. Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, CSIC—Institución Milá y Fontanals (IMF), C/ Egipcíaques, 15, 08001, Barcelona, Spain

    Ignacio Clemente Conte

  4. Departament de Prehistòria, Facultat de Filosofia i Lletras, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edificio B, 08193, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain

    Ermengol Gassiot

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  1. Niccolò Mazzucco
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Correspondence to Niccolò Mazzucco.

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Mazzucco, N., Clemente Conte, I. & Gassiot, E. Lost in the mountains? The Cova del Sardo and the Neolithisation of the Southern Central Pyrenees (fifth-third mill. cal bc). Archaeol Anthropol Sci 11, 1461–1475 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-018-0603-0

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