Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the combined effects of resistance and sprint training, with very short efforts (5 s), on aerobic and anaerobic performances, and cardiometabolic health-related parameters in young healthy adults.
Methods
Thirty young physically active individuals were randomly allocated into four groups: resistance training (RTG), sprint interval training (SITG), concurrent training (CTG), and control (CONG). Participants trained 3 days/week for 2 weeks in the high-intensity interventions that consisted of 6–12 “all out” efforts of 5 s separated by 24 s of recovery, totalizing ~ 13 min per session, with 48–72 h of recovery between sessions. Body composition, vertical jump, lower body strength, aerobic and anaerobic performances, heart rate variability (HRV), and redox status were evaluated before and after training. Total work (TW), rating of perceived exertion (CR-10 RPE) and mean HR (HRmean) were monitored during sessions. Incidental physical activity (PA), dietary intake and perceived stress were also controlled.
Results
Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) significantly increased in SITG and CTG (P < 0.05). Lower body strength improved in RTG and CTG (P < 0.05), while countermovement jump (CMJ) was improved in RTG (P = 0.04) only. Redox status improved after all interventions (P < 0.05). No differences were found in TW, PA, dietary intake, and psychological stress between groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
RT and SIT protocols with very short “all out” efforts, either performed in isolation, or combined, demonstrated improvement in several physical fitness- and health-related parameters. However, CT was the most efficient exercise intervention with improvement observed in the majority of the parameters.
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Abbreviations
- α1:
-
Detrended fluctuations of short-term fractal scaling
- BPSS-10:
-
Brazilian 10-item version of the perceived stress scale
- CAT:
-
Catalase
- CMJ:
-
Countermovement jump
- CO2 :
-
Carbon dioxide
- CT:
-
Concurrent training
- CTG:
-
Concurrent training group
- CONG:
-
Control group
- CR-10:
-
RPE Category-ratio 10 scale rating of perceived exertion
- EE:
-
Energy expenditure
- GSH:
-
Glutathione reduced
- HIIT:
-
High-intensity interval training
- HRV:
-
Heart rate variability
- IPAQ:
-
International physical activity questionnaire
- MF:
-
Mean force
- MP:
-
Mean power
- MV:
-
Mean velocity
- P max :
-
Maximum power
- PP:
-
Peak power
- RER:
-
Respiratory exchange ratio
- RT:
-
Resistance training
- RTG:
-
Resistance training group
- RMSSD:
-
Root mean square of successive differences between R–R intervals
- RPMmax :
-
Maximal pedaling rate
- SDNN:
-
Standard deviation of all R–R intervals
- SIT:
-
Sprint interval training
- SITG:
-
Sprint interval training group
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- TBARS:
-
Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- TW:
-
Total work
- UA:
-
Uric acid
- VE:
-
Ventilation
- VO2max :
-
Maximum oxygen consumption
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Arilson de Sousa, Danielle Garcia, Fernanda Rodrigues, Leticia Freire, Lysleine Deus, Gabriela Thomaz and Lucas Pinheiro for their help during the data collection. This work was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (PQ2, PQ1B), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior and Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación.
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SB-F, DAB, and TSR conceived the study design. SB-F, ARM, and TSR conducted the experiments. SB-F and EI-S conducted the statistical analyses. SB-F, EI-S, TSR, KD and DAB interpreted the results. SB-F, FAV, EI-S, TSR, ARM, KD and DAB: wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript version.
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Benítez-Flores, S., Medeiros, A.R., Voltarelli, F.A. et al. Combined effects of very short “all out” efforts during sprint and resistance training on physical and physiological adaptations after 2 weeks of training. Eur J Appl Physiol 119, 1337–1351 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04125-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04125-6