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The Humoral Anti-Islet Immune Response: Cytoplasmic Islet-Cell Antibodies: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications

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Book cover Autoimmunity and the Pathogenesis of Diabetes

Part of the book series: Endocrinology and Metabolism ((EAM,volume 4))

Abstract

For many decades, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes) was regarded as a metabolic disorder with a typical acute clinical onset. In the last decade, however, a number of studies have led to substantial changes in previous concepts of the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Immunologic, genetic, and epidemiologic studies (for review, see Refs. 1–3) indicate that the majority of patients with IDDM have a long, clinically asymptomatic, prediabetic period. This phase is characterized by autoimmune phenomena and very subtle metabolic changes,4 which may antedate the clinical manifestation of insulin deficiency for many months and sometimes years. Organ-specific autoimmune reactions most likely play an essential role in the progressive destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans; unequivocal proof for a direct autoimmune attack against beta-cells has yet to be demonstrated, however, despite the finding of a constellation of immune abnormalities around and inside injured islets at the time of diagnosis.5

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Authors
  1. Helga Gleichmann
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  2. Gian Franco Bottazzo
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 10029-6574, New York, New York, USA

    Fredda Ginsberg-Fellner M.D. (Professor of Pediatrics, Director) (Professor of Pediatrics, Director)

  2. Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 10029-6574, New York, New York, USA

    Robert C. McEvoy M.D. (Professor of Pediatrics (Endocrinology) and Cell Biology) (Professor of Pediatrics (Endocrinology) and Cell Biology)

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Gleichmann, H., Bottazzo, G.F. (1990). The Humoral Anti-Islet Immune Response: Cytoplasmic Islet-Cell Antibodies: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications. In: Ginsberg-Fellner, F., McEvoy, R.C. (eds) Autoimmunity and the Pathogenesis of Diabetes. Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 4. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3218-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3218-6_4

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