Zusammenfassung
Neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese haben in den letzten Jahren zum verbesserten Verständnis von Epidemiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie der glutensensitiven Erkrankungen beigetragen. Die Zöliakie ist eine Erkrankung, die durch charakteristische morphologische Veränderungen der Dünndarmschleimhaut gekennzeichnet ist. Die Veränderungen sind Folge einer Empfindlichkeit gegenüber dem Glutenbestandteil Gliadin, das in verschiedenen Getreidesorten enthalten ist. Häufig bilden sich nach Glutenkarenz die Veränderungen am Dünndarm und die assoziierten klinischen Beschwerdebilder, die sehr unterschiedlich ausgeprägt sein können, zurück. In einigen Fällen treten jedoch therapierefraktäre Verläufe oder Komplikationen auf. Die im deutschen Sprachraum bislang oft (einheimische) Sprue genannte Erkrankung sollte im Hinblick auf eine international einheitliche Sprachregelung als Zöliakie bezeichnet werden. Man geht davon aus, dass das klassische Krankheitsbild der Zöliakie deutlich seltener ist als nichtklassische Verlaufsformen.
Die Originalversion dieses Kapitels wurde revidiert: Der Korrespondenzautor wurde geändert.
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Eggeling, K., Marth, T. (2016). Zöliakie/Einheimische Sprue. In: Lehnert, H., et al. DGIM Innere Medizin. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_337-2
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