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Wall-Bounded Flows

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Springer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Turbulent wall-bounded flows (i.e., boundary layer, pipe and channel flows) present additional measurement challenges relative to those in, say, free shear turbulent flows or grid turbulence. The physical presence of the wall and the limitations and influences it presents on the implementation of sensing technologies creates some of these challenges. Other, often more-subtle issues, however, relate to the effect that the wall has on the inherent flow dynamics. Such effects are reflected in the steep mean velocity gradient(s) in the vicinity of the surface, as well as the length and time scales of the turbulence local to the near-wall region. Regarding the latter, primary challenges are associated with the high frequencies and small scales of near-wall turbulence relative to free shear flows.

In previous Chaps. (5.2, 5.3 and 5.5.3), relatively broad discussions were provided regarding the requirements and considerations for accurate measurements of both mean and fluctuating quantities in turbulent flows. The present chapter constitutes an extension of these more-generic considerations relative to the specific case of wall-bounded turbulent flows. For the purposes of providing a background context, the initial subsection below presents a brief overview of concepts and considerations specific to wall flows. Owing to its central role in the study of the turbulent wall flows, the next subsection addresses the measurement of the wall shear stress for ca nonical boundary layer, pipe and channel flows. Considerations relative to transitional and non-canonical wall flows are presented in subsequent subsections.

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Abbreviations

3-D:

three-dimensional

4-D MRV:

4-D magnetic resonance velocimetry

CCD:

charge-coupled device

DNS:

direct numerical simulation

IRT:

infrared thermography

LDA:

laser Doppler anemometry

LDV:

laser Doppler velocimetry

MEMS:

microelectromachined sensors

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

MTV:

molecular tagging velocimetry

PIV:

particle image velocimetry

PSP:

pressure-sensitive paint

RANS:

Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations

RMS:

root-mean-square

TSP:

temperature-sensitive paint

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, 03824, Durham, NH, USA

    Joseph Klewicki Prof.

  2. Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, 77843-3141, College Station, TX, USA

    William Saric Prof.

  3. University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Ivan Marusic Prof.

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Building 500, 94305, Stanford, CA, USA

    John Eaton Prof.

Authors
  1. Joseph Klewicki Prof.
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  2. William Saric Prof.
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  3. Ivan Marusic Prof.
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  4. John Eaton Prof.
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Correspondence to Joseph Klewicki Prof. , William Saric Prof. , Ivan Marusic Prof. or John Eaton Prof. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 30, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany

    Cameron Tropea Dr.

  2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St., 60607-7022, Chicago, IL, USA

    Alexander L. Yarin Dr.

  3. Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, A118 Engineering Research Complex, 48824-1326, East Lansing, MI, USA

    John F. Foss Dr.

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Klewicki, J., Saric, W., Marusic, I., Eaton, J. (2007). Wall-Bounded Flows. In: Tropea, C., Yarin, A.L., Foss, J.F. (eds) Springer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30299-5_12

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