Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Coronal Mass Ejections

  • Reference work entry
Book cover Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense

Abstract

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most energetic solar phenomena in the inner heliosphere. CMEs are large structures of magnetized plasma that move away from the Sun into the interplanetary (IP) space, driven by the magnetic forces at the Sun. Solar energetic particles (SEPs) and geomagnetic storms are two primary CME consequences that drive space weather on and near Earth. This chapter summarizes current established knowledge of CME properties and their space weather consequences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 649.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 799.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aschwanden‬ M (2006) Physics of the solar corona: an introduction with problems and solutions. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastian TS, Pick M, Kerdraon A, Maia D, Vourlidas A (2001) The coronal mass ejection of 1998 April 20: direct imaging at radio wavelengths. Astrophys J Lett 558:L65–L69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biesecker DA, Myers DC, Thompson BJ, Hammer DM, Vourlidas A (2002) Solar phenomena associated with ‘EIT Waves’. Astrophys J 569:1009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cargill PJ, Harra LK (2007) Coronal mass ejections. In: Kamide Y, Chian AL-C (eds) Handbook of the solar- terrestrial environment. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Chian ACL, Kamide Y (2007) An Overview of the Solar–Terrestrial Environment, In: Kamide Y, Chian AL-C (eds) Handbook of 390 the solar- terrestrial environment. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N (2006) Coronal mass ejections of cycle 23. J Astrophys Astron 27:243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N (2009) Coronal mass ejection and space weather. In: Tsuda T, Fujii R, Shibata K, Geller MA (eds) Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): selected papers from the 2007 Kyoto symposium. pp 77–120

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N, Yashiro S, Krucker S, Stenborg G, Howard RA (2004) Intensity variation of large solar energetic particle events associated with coronal mass ejections. J Geophys Res 109:A12105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N, Yashiro S, Liu Y et al (2005) Coronal mass ejections and other extreme characteristics of the 2003 October-November solar eruptions. J Geophys Res 110:9

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N, Mikić Z, Maia D, Alexander D, Cremades H, Kaufmann P, Tripathi D, Wang Y-M (2006) The pre-CME sun in coronal mass ejections. Space Sciences Series of ISSI, 21

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N, Yashiro S, Akiyama S (2007) Geoeffectiveness of halo coronal mass ejections. J Geophys Res 112:A06112

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N, Akiyama S, Yashiro S, Makela P (2010a) Coronal mass ejections from sunspot and non-sunspot regions. In: Hasan SS, Rutten RJ (eds) Magnetic coupling between the interior and the atmosphere of the Sun, Astrophysics and space science proceedings. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 289–307

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy N (2010b) Corona mass ejections: a summary of recent results. In: Proceedings of the 20th National Solar Physics Meeting, held 31 May – 4 June, 2010 in Papradno, Slovakia, pp 108–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosling JT (1993) The solar flare myth. J Geophys Res 98:949

    Google Scholar 

  • Howard TA (2011) Coronal mass ejections: an introduction, astrophysics and space science library. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hudson HS, Bougeret J-L, Burkepile J (2006) Coronal mass ejections: overview of the observations. Space Sci Rev 123:13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hundhausen AJ (1993) Sizes and locations of coronal mass ejections: SMM observations from 1980 and 1984–1989. J Geophys Res 98(A8):13177–13200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hundhausen AJ (1999) Coronal mass ejections. In: Strong KT, Saba JLR, Haisch BM, Schmelz JT (eds) The many faces of the sun: a summary of the results from NASA’s solar maximum mission. Springer, New York, p 143

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kallenrode M-B (2003) Current views on impulsive and gradual solar energetic particle events. J Phys G Nucl Part Phys 29(5):965–981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lanzerotti J (2007) Space weather. In: Kamide Y, Chian AL-C (eds) Handbook of the solar-terrestrial environment. Berlin, Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Low BC (1996) Solar activity and the corona. Sol Phys 167(1–2):217–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mierla M, Inhester B, Antunes A, Boursier Y, Byrne et al (2010) On the 3-D reconstruction of coronal mass ejections using coronagraph data. Ann Geophys 28:203–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreton GE, Ramsey HE (1960) Recent observations of dynamical phenomena associated with solar flares. Publ Astron Soc Pac 72:357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plunkett SP, Vourlidas A, ˇSimberov’a S, Karlick’y M, Kotrˇc P, Heinzel P, Kupryakov YA, Guo WP, Wu ST (2000) Simultaneous SOHO and ground-based observations of a large eruptive prominence and coronal mass ejection. Solar Phys 194:371–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prakash O, Umapathy S, Shanmugaraju A, Pappa kalaivani P, Vršnak B (2012) Characteristics of DH type II bursts, CMEs and flares with respect to the acceleration of CMEs. Astrophys Space Sci 337(1):47–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reames DV (2013) The two sources of solar energetic particles. Space Sci Rev 175, pp 53–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell CT (2000) The solar wind interaction with the Earth’s magnetosphere: a tutorial. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 28, 1818–1830

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwenn R (2006) Space weather: the solar perspective, 2006. Living Rev Solar Phys 3:2, Url: http://www.livingreviews.org/lrsp-2006-2, visited January 2014

  • Sheeley NR Jr, Walters JH, Wang Y-M, Howard RA (1999) Continuous tracking of coronal outflows: two kinds of coronal mass ejections. J Geophys Res 104:24739–24768

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • St Cyr OC, Plunkett SP, Michels DJ, Paswaters SE, Koomen MJ, Simnett GM, Thompson BJ, Gurman JB, Schwenn R, Webb DF, Hildner E, Lamy PL (2000) Properties of coronal mass ejections: SOHO LASCO observations from January 1996 to June 1998. J Geophys Res 105(A8):18169–18185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson BJ, Myers DC (2009) A catalog of coronal ‘EIT wave’ transients. Astrophys J Suppl Ser 183:225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vourlidas A, Howard RA, Morill JS, Munz S (2002) Analysis of LASCO streamer blowout events. In: Wang H, Xu RL (eds) Solar-terrestrial magnetic activity and space environment, Proceedings of the COSPAR Colloquium held in the NAOC in Beijing, China, September 10–12, 2001, vol 14 of COSPAR Colloquia Series. Pergamon, Amsterdam, Boston, pp 201–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Vourlidas A, Howard RA, Esfandiari E, Patsourakos S, Yashiro S, Michalek G (2010) Comprehensive analysis of coronal mass ejection mass and energy properties over a full solar cycle. Astrophys J 722:1522–1538

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webb DF, Howard TA (2012) Coronal mass ejections: observations. Living Rev Phys 9:3, url: http://www.livingreviews.org/lrsp-2012-3, visited January 2014

  • Wimmer-Schweingruber (2005) Interplanetary disturbances. Lect Notes Phys 656:71–129, Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Yashiro S, Gopalswamy N, Michalek G, St Cyr OC, Plunkett SP, Rich NB, Howard RA (2004) A catalog of white light coronal mass ejections observed by the SOHO spacecraft. J Geophys Res 109:A07105

    Google Scholar 

  • Yashiro S, Gopalswamy N, Akiyama S, Michalek G, Howard RA (2005) Visibility of coronal mass ejections as a function of flare location and intensity. J Geophys Res 110:A12S05

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank Heather Elliott for her constructive comments on the manuscript. This work was supported in part by NASA Award No. NNX13AE07G.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Space Science and Engineering Division, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX, 78228, USA

    Maher A. Dayeh

Authors
  1. Maher A. Dayeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maher A. Dayeh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety, Arlington, Virginia, USA

    Joseph N. Pelton

  2. Space Science and Environmental Research, Applied Research Associates, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

    Firooz Allahdadi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this entry

Cite this entry

Dayeh, M.A. (2015). Coronal Mass Ejections. In: Pelton, J., Allahdadi, F. (eds) Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03952-7_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation