Skip to main content

Signed Languages in Bilingual Education

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Language and Education ((ELE))

Abstract

The glossed concepts bilingual/ism and bilingual education (BE) have been recognized as being simplistic and misrepresentative of the complex, diverse human behaviors that they index. Moving beyond colonially framed monolingual, monoglossic understandings of bounded language systems and recognizing the fluid nature of languaging where more than one language variety, modality, and other resources constitute routine human communication, this chapter presents the place of signed languages (SLs) inside and outside education, as well as social life across time and space. It traces salient developments as well as the erasure and hegemonies related to the position accorded to different language varieties and modalities inside and outside deaf education (DE). This chapter identifies and accounts for the place and meaning of SLs in BE broadly and DE specifically. In addition to presenting an overview of the binary divisions (related to oralism/signing, deaf-normal/hearing, segregation/integration) that have plagued the field as well as research in the domain DE for over a century, this chapter highlights the establishment of a third position in terms of the place and space that is accorded to SLs both across time and space generally, and in BE and in DE research specifically. Significant issues that continue to frame the education and the situation of deaf children and adults and specific paradoxes in the areas of both education and research are up-fronted. The chapter presents key directions for future research taking cognizance of recent discussions in the language and learning sciences more generally.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Anderson, B. (2006). Imagined communities. Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrews, J. F., & Taylor, N. E. (1987). From sign to print. A case study of picture book “reading” between mother and child. Sign Language Studies, 56, 261–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagga-Gupta, S. (2002). Explorations in bilingual instructional interaction: A sociocultural perspective on literacy. Learning and Instruction, 5(2), 557–587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagga-Gupta, S. (2004a). Literacies and deaf education. A theoretical analysis of the international and Swedish literature (Research in Focus nr 23). Stockholm: National Agency for Education. www.skolverket.se/publikationer?id=1843

  • Bagga-Gupta, S. (2004b). Visually oriented bilingualism. Discursive and technological resources in Swedish deaf pedagogical arenas. In M. van Herreweghe & M. Vermeerbergen (Eds.), To the lexicon and beyond. Sociolinguistics in European deaf communities (The sociolinguistics in deaf communities series, Vol. 10, pp. 171–207). Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagga-Gupta, S. (2007). Going beyond the great divide. Reflections from deaf studies, Örebro, Sweden. Deaf Worlds. International Journal of Deaf Studies. Special theme issue: The meaning and place of “Deaf Studies”, 23(2 & 3), 69–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagga-Gupta, S. (2012). Challenging understandings of bilingualism in the language sciences from the lens of research that focuses social practices. In E. Hjörne, G. van der Aalsvoort, & G. de Abreu (Eds.), Learning, social interaction and diversity – Exploring school practices (pp. 85–102). Rotterdam: Sense.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bailes, C. N. (2001). Integrative ASL-English language arts bridging paths to literacy. Sign Language Studies, 1(2), 147–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker, C. (2011). Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauman, H.-D. L. (2008). Open your eyes. Deaf studies talking. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baynton, D. C. (1996). Forbidden signs: American culture and the campaign against sign language. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Blackledge, A., & Creese, A. (2014). Heteroglossia as practice and pedagogy. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Blume, S. (2010). The artificial ear. Cochlear implants and the culture of deafness. Rutgers: Rutgers University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumenthal-Kelly, A. (1995). Fingerspelling interaction a set of deaf parents and their deaf daughter. In C. Lucas (Ed.), Sociolinguistics in deaf communities (pp. 62–73). Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brill, R. G. (1984). International congresses on education of the deaf. An analytical history 1878–1980. Washington, DC: Gallaudet College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, C., Morford, J., & Mayberry, R. (2000). Language acquisition by eye. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramér-Wolrath, E. (2013). Parallel bimodal bilingual acquisition: A hearing child mediated in a deaf family. Sign Language Studies, 13(4), 516–540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domfors, L-Å. (2000). Deaf and dumb teacher – Special teacher – Teacher for deaf and hard-of-hearing. A teacher education’s content and rationality shifts. Published Ph. D. thesis, Sweden: Örebro Studies in Education 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erting, C. (1994). Deafness, communication, social identity ethnography in a preschool for deaf children (Linstok Press dissertation series). Burtonville: Linstok Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erting, L. (2001). Book sharing the deaf way an ethnographic study in a bilingual preschool for deaf children. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University of Maryland, College Park.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erting, C. J., Thumann-Prezioso, C., & Benedict, B. S. (2000). Bilingualism in a deaf family. Fingerspelling in early childhood. In P. E. Spencer, C. J. Erting, & M. Marschark (Eds.), The deaf child in the family and at school. Essays in honor of Kathryn P. Meadow-Orlans (pp. 41–54). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ewoldt, C. (1991). The early literacy development of deaf children. In D. F. Moores & K. P. Meadow-Orlans (Eds.), Educational and developmental aspects of deafness (pp. 89–114). Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, M. (2007). Talking hands. What sign language reveals about the mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, O. (2009). Bilingual education in the 21st century. A global perspective. Maiden: Wiley-Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groce, N. E. (1985). Everyone here spoke sign language: Hereditary deafness on Martha’s Vineyard. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grosjean, F. (1982). Life with two languages. An introduction to bilingualism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, A. (2005). Communicative practices in visually oriented classrooms: A study of a model education for deaf teacher candidates. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, NTNU University, Norway. 1005:132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasnain, I., Bagga-Gupta, S., & Mohan, S. (Eds.). (2013). Alternative voices: (Re)searching language, culture and identity…. Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haualand, H., & Allen, C. (2009). Deaf people and human rights. WFD. http://www.wfdeaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Deaf-People-and-Human-Rights-Report.pdf

  • Holmström, I. (2013). Learning by hearing? Technological framings for participation. Published Ph.D thesis, Örebro Studies in Education 42, Sweden. http://oru.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A646591&dswid=−4165

  • Jankowski, K. A. (1997). Deaf empowerment. Emergence, struggle, and rhetoric. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. E., & Erting, C. J. (1989). Ethnicity and socialization in a classroom for deaf children. In C. Lucas (Ed.), The sociolinguistics of the deaf community (pp. 41–83). San Diego: Academic.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ladd, P. (2003). Understanding deaf culture. In search of deafhood. Buffalo: Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane, H., Hoffmeister, R., & Bahan, B. (1996). A journey into the DEAF-WORLD. San Diego: Dawn Press Sign.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linell, P. (2009). Rethinking language, mind, and world dialogically: Interactional and contextual theories of human sense-making. Charlotte: Information Age Pub.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maher, J. (1996). Seeing language in sign: The work of William C. Stokoe. Washington, DC: Gallaudet College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschark, M., Siple, P., Lillo-Martin, D., Campbell, R., & Everhart, V. S. (1997). Relations of language and thought. The view from sign language and deaf children. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, D. S. (1990). Responses from the panel. Dr. David Martin, Dean, School of Education and Human Services. In R. C. Johnson (Ed.), Access. Language in deaf education. Proceedings “Unlocking the Curriculum – Principles for achieving access in deaf education” (pp. 30–33), Gallaudet Research Institute Occasional Paper 90–1. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maxwell, M. (1984). A deaf child’s natural development of literacy. Sign Language Studies, 44, 191–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan, L., Schmaling, C., Nakamura, K., & Turner, G. H. (Eds.). (2003). Many ways to be deaf. International variation in deaf communities. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Padden, C. (1996). Early bilingual lives of deaf children. In I. Parasnis (Ed.), Cultural and language diversity and the deaf experience (pp. 99–116). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Padden, C., & Humphries, T. (2005). Inside deaf culture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Padden, C., & Le Master, B. (1985). An alphabet on hand. The acquisition of fingerspelling in deaf children. Sign Language Studies, 47, 161–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paludneviciene, R., & Leigh, I. W. (2011). Cochlear implants. Evolving perspectives. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul, P. V., & Moores, D. F. (2010). Introduction: Toward an understanding of epistemology and deafness. American Annals of the Deaf, 154(5), 421–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powers, S., Gregory, S., & Thoutenhoofd, E. D. (1998). The educational achievements of deaf children. Research Report RR65. Norwich: Department for Education and Employment.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, P. M., & Strong, M. (1998). ASL proficiency and English literacy within a bilingual deaf education model of instruction. Topics in Language Disorders. Special theme – ASL proficiency and English literacy acquisition new perspectives, 18(4), 47–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramsey, C. L. (1997). Deaf children in public schools. Placement, context, and consequences. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sign 2 me. Early learning resources. http://sign2me.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&Itemid=33. 15 Sept 2014.

  • Singleton, J. L., Supalla, S. J., Litchfield, S., & Schley, S. (1998). From sign to word: Considering modality constraints in ASL/English bilingual education. Topics in Language Disorders, 18(4), 16–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skutnabb-Kangas, T. (2000). Linguistic genocide in education or worldwide diversity and human rights? Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stokoe, W. C., Dorothy, C. C., & Croneberg, C. G. (1965). A dictionary of American sign languages on linguistic principles. Washington, DC: Gallaudet College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suppalla, S. J., & Cripps, J. H. (2008). Linguistic accessibility and deaf children. In B. Spolsky & F. M. Hult (Eds.), The handbook of educational linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tapio, E. (2013). A nexus analysis of English in the everyday life of FinSL signers: A multimodal view on interaction. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Oulu University, Finland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tapio, E. (2014). The marginalisation of finely tuned semiotic practices and misunderstandings in relation to (signed) languages and deafness. Multimodal Communication, 3(2), 131–142. doi:10.1515/mc-2014-0010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teruggi, L. A. (Ed.). (2003). Una scuola, due lingue. L’esperienza di bilinguismo della scuola dell’Infanzia ed Elementare di Cossato [One school two languages. Experiences av bilingualism at the preschool and compulsory school level in Cossato]. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoutenhoofd, E. D., Archbold, S. M., Gregory, S., Lutman, M. E., Nikolopoulos, T. P., & Sach, T. H. (2005). Paediatric cochlear implantation. Evaluating outcomes. London: Whurr Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Cleve, J. V., & Crouch, B. A. (1989). A place of their own: Creating the deaf community. Washington, DC: Gallaudet College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volterra, V., & Erting, C. J. (Eds.). (1994). From gesture to language in hearing and deaf children. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Federation of the Deaf News. ICED. (2010). http://wfdeaf.org/news/international-congress-of-the-deaf-iced-july-18-22-2010-vancouver-canada. 15 Sept 2014.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sangeeta Bagga-Gupta .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this entry

Cite this entry

Bagga-Gupta, S. (2016). Signed Languages in Bilingual Education. In: Garcia, O., Lin, A., May, S. (eds) Bilingual and Multilingual Education. Encyclopedia of Language and Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02324-3_12-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02324-3_12-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-02324-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference EducationReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Education

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Signed Languages in Bilingual Education
    Published:
    23 March 2017

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02324-3_12-2

  2. Original

    Signed Languages in Bilingual Education
    Published:
    22 March 2016

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02324-3_12-1