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Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology pp 8794–8848Cite as

Recycling Technologies

  • Reference work entry

Definition of the Subject and Its Importance

Recycling technologies can be defined as the whole of procedures designed to set up physical-chemical actions, at an industrial scale, that perform the recovery of materials and end-use products resulting from the collection of household or industrial wastes. The materials to be recovered and recycled, obviously, influence both processing technologies and plant layouts. In this section an in-depth analysis of the problems arising when suitable recycling technologies must be designed, implemented, and set up is presented with particular reference to paper, glass, metals, plastics, and textiles (not organics or C onstruction and D emolition(C&D) waste ). Recycling technologies must be approached from a processing perspective, that is, by defining a sequence of steps and actions where the waste flow stream feed, and the different products resulting from the different sequential processing steps, are handled in...

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Abbreviations

Ceramic glass:

Transparent ceramic products with an appearance similar to that of glass. They are characterized by an amorphous phase and one or more crystalline phases.

Classification:

Set of mechanical actions carried out in dry or wet conditions, designed to perform a “classification” of particles systems according to their morphometrical (e.g., size-shape) attributes.

Comminution:

Set of mechanical actions carried out to reduce waste materials in particles of suitable size and shape to be properly handled and processed in order to liberate/remove contaminants.

Cullet:

Particulate solid product resulting from collection-comminution of waste glass.

De-inking:

Mechanical process that removes “ink particles” and “stickies” from waste paper.

Ferrous metal:

Magnetic metals mainly composed of iron.

Flotation:

Mechanical process that selectively separates hydrophobic from hydrophilic materials. Hydrophobic materials are forced to adhere to bubbles and float.

Fluff:

Fine fractions resulting from automotive shredder residue (ASR). Fluff is constituted by materials characterized by intrinsic low specific gravity (e.g., plastics, rubber, synthetic foams, textiles, etc.).

Municipal solid waste (MSW):

All non-hazardous waste resulting from the collection of household, commercial, and institutional waste materials.

Non-ferrous metal:

Metals that contain no iron (e.g., aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, etc.)

Separation:

Set of mechanical actions carried out in dry or wet conditions, designed to perform a “separation” of particles systems according to their physical attributes (e.g., density, surface properties, electrostatic properties, magnetic properties, color, etc.)

Sorting:

Waste particle separation, usually carried out with optical-electronic recognition devices and logics.

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  1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica Materiali Ambiente Sapienza, Università di Roma Via Eudossiana, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 18 00184, Rome, Italy

    Dr. Giuseppe Bonifazi & Dr. Silvia Serranti

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  1. Dr. Giuseppe Bonifazi
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Correspondence to Giuseppe Bonifazi .

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  1. RAMTECH LIMITED, Larkspur, CA, USA

    Robert A. Meyers

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Bonifazi, G., Serranti, S. (2012). Recycling Technologies . In: Meyers, R.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_116

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