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Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology pp 15Cite as

Acceleration Injury

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Synonyms

Acceleration–deceleration injury

Definition

Traumatic injury to the brain resulting from high-speed acceleration of the brain within the skull cavity in the direction of inertial force.

Current Knowledge

During acceleration injury, movement of the head is unrestricted. One of the most common scenarios resulting in acceleration injury is a high-speed motor vehicle accident. Primary brain injury results from brain tissue and brain structures compressing against one another in the force of inertia. This may result in bruising, hemorrhage, and shearing of the underlying tensile strength of white matter connections deep within the brain. Secondary injury may occur hours or even days after the inciting traumatic event. Secondary effects of injury can include decreased cerebral blood flow, edema, hemorrhage, increased intracranial pressure, and biochemical changes that may cause excitotoxicity and more extensive damage to the surrounding brain structures and their associated...

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References and Readings

  • Bayly, P. V., Cohen, T. S., Leister, E. P., Ajo, D., Leuthardt, E. C., Genin, G. M. (2005). Acceleration-induced deformation of the human brain. Journal of Neurotrauma, 22(8), 845–856.

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  • Sabet, A. A., Christoforou, E., Zatlin, B., Genin, G. M., & Bayly, P. V. (2008). Deformation of the human brain induced by mild angular head acceleration. rnal of Biomechanics, 41 307–315.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Davis 4-N, 4500 San Pablo Road, 32224, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Beth Rush

Authors
  1. Beth Rush
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Professor of Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University – Medical Center Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, VCU, 980542, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0542, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation Research Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey – New Jersey Medical School, New Jersey, USA

    John DeLuca

  4. Independent Practice, 564 M.O.B. East, 100 E. Lancaster Ave., Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Rush, B. (2011). Acceleration Injury. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_219

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_219

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-79947-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-79948-3

  • eBook Packages: Behavioral Science

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