Abstract
It is well established that sound waves, compared to electromagnetic waves, propagate long distances in the ocean. Hence, in the ocean as opposed to air or a vacuum, one uses sound navigation and ranging (SONAR) instead of radar, acoustic communication instead of radio, and acoustic imaging and tomography instead of microwave or optical imaging or X-ray tomography. Underwater acoustics is the science of sound in water (most commonly in the ocean) and encompasses not only the study of sound propagation, but also the masking of sound signals by interfering phenomenon and signal processing for extracting these signals from interference. This chapter we will present the basics physics of ocean acoustics and then discuss applications.
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Abbreviations
- AC:
-
articulation class
- ADCP:
-
acoustic Doppler current profiler
- ASW:
-
apparent source width
- AUV:
-
automated underwater vehicle
- BER:
-
bit error rate
- CSDM:
-
cross-spectral-density matrix
- DSL:
-
deep scattering layer
- EOF:
-
empirical orthogonal function
- FFP:
-
fast field program
- FFT:
-
fast Fourier transform
- FM:
-
frequency modulated
- FOM:
-
figure of merit
- FSK:
-
frequency shift keying
- IFFT:
-
inverse fast Fourier transform
- ISI:
-
intersymbol interference
- MFP:
-
matched field processing
- MIMO:
-
multiple-input multiple-output
- MLM:
-
maximum-likelihood method
- MRA:
-
main response axis
- MV:
-
minimum variance
- PC:
-
phase conjugation
- PD:
-
probability of detection
- PDF:
-
probability density function
- PE:
-
parabolic equation
- PFA:
-
probability of false alarm
- PL:
-
propagation loss
- PS:
-
peak systolic
- PS:
-
phase stepping
- PSK:
-
phase shift keying
- QAM:
-
quadrature amplitude modulation
- ROC:
-
receiving operating characteristic
- SE:
-
signal excess
- SISO:
-
single-input single-output
- SL:
-
sensation level
- SNR:
-
signal-to-noise ratio
- TDGF:
-
time-domain Greenʼs function
- TL:
-
transmission loss
- TR:
-
time reversal
- TR:
-
treble ratio
- TVG:
-
time-varied gain
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Kuperman, W., Roux, P. (2007). Underwater Acoustics. In: Rossing, T. (eds) Springer Handbook of Acoustics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30425-0_5
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