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The Neurobiology of Negative Symptoms and the Deficit Syndrome

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Book cover Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology

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Abstract:

Primary negative symptoms were a fundamental aspect of the initial description of schizophrenia. The advent of antipsychotic medication in the 1950s shifted the focus of schizophrenia research and treatment towards reality distortion symptoms even though these positive symptoms are less discriminating in diagnosis and are less correlated with overall outcome. Although research in deficit symptoms is sparse, work done has demonstrated consistent patterns of associated brain regions and neurochemistry. This includes dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal – basal ganglia – thalamocortical circuit and abnormalities in the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and cholinergic neurotransmitter systems. Future research in this area faces a number of challenges including distinguishing deficit from secondary negative symptoms and development of adequate measures of social and occupational function for use in intervention studies.

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Abbreviations

Ach:

acetylcholine

AMPA:

α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid

CNS:

central nervous system

COMT:

catechol-O-methyltransferase

DA:

dopamine

DRP-2:

dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2

DSM:

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

GNAS1:

guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) alpha stimulating activity polypeptide 1

5-HIAA:

5-hydroxyindole acetic acid

5-HT:

serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine)

MAO:

monoamine oxidase

MHPG:

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

NE:

norepinephrine

NMDA:

N-methyl-d-aspartate

PCP:

phencyclidine

SSRI:

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

SDS:

schedule for the deficit syndrome

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Authors
  1. B. A. Fischer IV
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  2. B. Kirkpatrick
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  3. W. T. Carpenter Jr
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, 10962, Orangeburg, New York, USA

    Abel Lajtha (Director) (Director)

  2. Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, New York, 10962, USA

    Daniel Javitt (Director) (Director)

  3. Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, New York, 10962, USA

    Joshua Kantrowitz

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Fischer, B.A., Kirkpatrick, B., Carpenter, W.T. (2009). The Neurobiology of Negative Symptoms and the Deficit Syndrome. In: Lajtha, A., Javitt, D., Kantrowitz, J. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30410-6_16

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