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Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology pp 179–202Cite as

Neurotransmitters and Electrophysiology in Traumatic Brain Injury

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Abstract:

Normal brain function requires the careful orchestration of neurotransmission and neuroelectric activity. In the traumatically injured brain, disruption of these processes may underlie, in part, subsequent brain dysfunction. This chapter focuses on two areas of traumatic brain injury (TBI) research: neurotransmitters and electrophysiology. Reviewed here are the TBI-induced responses to specific neurotransmitter systems and interventions to modulate these responses. Also, the effects of TBI on spontaneous and evoked electrical activity are reviewed.

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Abbreviations

2-CA:

2-chloroadenosine

5-HIAA:

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid

5-HT:

5-hydroxytryptamine

8-OH-DPAT:

8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin

A1AR:

A1 adenosine receptor

A2A :

adenosine-2a receptor subtype

ACh:

acetylcholine

AMPA:

[alpha]-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoazole-4-proprionic acid

CAP:

compound action potential

ChAT:

choline acetyltransferase

CCI:

controlled cortical impact

CPP:

3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-l-phosphonic acid

DA:

dopamine

DAI:

diffuse axonal injury

DAT:

dopamine transporter

EP:

evoked potential

EPSP:

excitatory postsynaptic potential

GABA:

gamma-aminobutyric acid

LTP:

long-term potentiation

MWM:

Morris water maze

M1 :

muscarinic receptor subtype 1

M2 :

muscarinic receptor subtype 2

mGLuR:

metabotropic glutamate receptors

NMDA:

N-methyl-d-aspartate

NR:

NMDA receptor

CSD:

cortical spreading depression

TBI:

traumatic brain injury

TH:

tyrosine hydroxylase

VAChT:

vesicular ACh transporter

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Authors
  1. C. E. Dixon
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  2. A. E. Kline
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 10962, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, New York, USA

    Abel Lajtha (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Neurosciences Division of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, 29425, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 309, Charleston, SC, USA

    Naren Banik

  3. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 29209, 6439 Garners Ferry Road Building 2, Room C11, Columbia, SC, USA

    Swapan K. Ray

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Dixon, C.E., Kline, A.E. (2009). Neurotransmitters and Electrophysiology in Traumatic Brain Injury. In: Lajtha, A., Banik, N., Ray, S.K. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30375-8_9

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