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The Genus Brachyspira

  • Reference work entry
The Prokaryotes

Phylogeny and Taxonomy

Brachyspira is the sole genus assigned to the proposed Family “Brachyspiraceae” in the Order Spirochaetales (Paster and Dewhirst, 2000). The Order Spirochaetales contains all spirochetes. The spirochetes represent a monophyletic lineage and a major early branch in eubacterial evolution (Paster et al., 1984; Paster and Dewhirst, 2000). Brachyspira cells share with other spirochetes several properties that distinguish them from other bacteria. These include a helical cell shape (Fig. 1) and a cell ultrastructure that features internal periplasmic flagella, 16S rDNA sequences with spirochete signature nucleotide bases, and a natural resistance to the antibiotic rifampin (Paster and Dewhirst, 1997; Paster and Dewhirst, 2000). Brachyspira species are readily differentiated from other spirochete genera based on comparisons of their 16S rDNA sequences (Paster et al., 1991; Paster and Dewhirst, 1997).

Fig. 1.
figure 1

A) Brachyspira alvinipulli C1T cells and B) B. hyodysenteriae...

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Notes

  1. 1.

    1The naming of uncharacterized/uncultured brachyspires is scientifically imprudent, even as a temporary precedent to proper taxonomic studies. It can become detrimental to future scientific communication. The practice is not a substitute for phenotypic and genotypic analyses of these marvelous spirochetes and should be avoided.

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Authors
  1. Thaddeus B. Stanton
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Box 196, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0312, USA

    Martin Dworkin Professor Dr. (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University Medical School, 299 Campus Drive, Fairchild, D039, Stanford, CA, 94305-5124, USA

    Stanley Falkow

  3. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  4. Department of Microbiology, Technical University Munich, 80290, Munich, Germany

    Karl-Heinz Schleifer

  5. DSMZ- German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

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© 2006 Springer-Verlag

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Stanton, T.B. (2006). The Genus Brachyspira . In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30747-8_12

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