Definition
Affect refers to the experience of feeling or emotion. Affect plays a crucial role in the process of an organism’s interaction with stimuli. Affect indicates an instinctual reaction to stimuli before a typical cognitive process starts. Affective reactions can occur without extensive perceptual and cognitive encoding, and can be made sooner and with greater confidence than cognitive judgments (Zajonc 2000).
Emotions are basic psychological systems regulating the individual’s adaptation to personal and environmental demands. They are closely related to cognitive, behavioral, motivational, and physiological processes, and therefore they are also important for learning and achievement.
Emotions may be defined as a system of interacting processes including subjective feelings, cognitive appraisals, physiological factors, expressive behavior and characteristics, as well as motivational tendencies. Component models help to...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. New York: Harper & Row.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being. The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. The American Psychologist, 55(1), 34–43.
Ekman, P. (1972). Emotions in the human face. New York: Pergamon Press.
Hembree, R. (1988). Correlates, causes, and treatment of test anxiety. Review of Educational Research, 58, 47–77.
Pekrun, R., Goetz, T., Titz, W., & Perry, R. P. (2002). Academic emotions in students’ self-regulated learning and achievement: A program of qualitative and quantitative research. Educational Psychologist, 37(2), 91–105.
Scherer, K. R., Schorr, A., & Johnstone, T. (Eds.). (2001). Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Smith, C. A., & Lazarus, R. S. (1993). Appraisal components, core relational themes, and the emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 7, 233–269.
Zajonc, R. (2000). Feeling and thinking: Closing the debate over the independence of affect. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Feeling and thinking: The role of affect in social cognition (pp. 31–58). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this entry
Cite this entry
Gläser-Zikuda, M. (2012). Affective and Emotional Dispositions of/for Learning. In: Seel, N.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_819
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_819
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1427-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1428-6
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law