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Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics pp 1077–1089Cite as

Multiphoton and Strong-Field Processes

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Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

The excitation of atoms by intense laser pulses can be divided into two broad regimes: the first regime involves relatively weak optical laser fields of long duration, and the second involves strong fields of short duration. In the first case, the intensity is presumed to be high enough for multiphoton transitions to occur. The resulting spectroscopy is not limited by the single-photon selection rules for radiative transitions. However, the intensity is still low enough for a theoretical description based on perturbations of field-free atomic states to be valid, and the time dependence of the field amplitude does not play an essential role. In the second case, the field intensities are too large to be treated by perturbation theory, and the time dependence of the pulse must be taken into account. A discussion on the generation of sub-femtosecond pulses is included.

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Abbreviations

ATI:

above threshold ionization

HG:

harmonic generation

PDM:

phase diffusion model

REMPI:

resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization

SS:

strong-short

TDSE:

time dependent Schrödinger equation

UV:

ultraviolet

WL:

weak-long

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the U.S. DOE under contract number W-7405-ENG-48.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., 808, L-014, 94551, Livermore, CA, USA

    Kenneth Kulander

  2. ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, C. Jordi Ginora 29 Nexus II, 08034, Barcelona, Spain

    Maciej Lewenstein

Authors
  1. Kenneth Kulander
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  2. Maciej Lewenstein
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Kenneth Kulander or Maciej Lewenstein .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset St., N9B 3P4, Windsor, ON, Canada

    Gordon Drake Prof.

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Kulander, K., Lewenstein, M. (2006). Multiphoton and Strong-Field Processes. In: Drake, G. (eds) Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-26308-3_74

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