Synonyms
Definition
Cholesteatoma is defined as the presence of squamous epithelial tissue in the middle ear and/or mastoid associated with chronic inflammation. The most common type of cholesteatoma arises from the tympanic membrane and is called an acquired cholesteatoma. The congenital type is very rare.
The acquired form is classified as follows:
- 1.
Primary acquired – The cholesteatoma results from a retraction of the tympanic membrane.
- 2.
Secondary acquired – The cholesteatoma results from implantation of epithelial tissue into the middle ear or mastoid as a result of surgery or from migration of epithelial tissue from a tympanic membrane perforation.
The congenital type is defined as a middle ear cholesteatoma that occurs in a patient with no previous history of tympanic membrane perforation, ventilation tube placement, or other ear surgeries.
Etiology
The exact etiology of the primary acquired cholesteatoma is not fully understood, but there are various factors that...
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References
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Chang, C.Y.J. (2013). Cholesteatoma of Childhood. In: Kountakis, S.E. (eds) Encyclopedia of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23499-6_446
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