Abstract
Ion-selective electrode (ISE) methods generally require large volume samples of more than a few milliliters. Therefore, it is highly desirable to devise a simple system for the ISE method to analyze ultratrace amounts of substances in a few microliters of sample solution. This chapter describes a novel and simplified approach for a microliter-ISE system devised by using commercially available conventional ISE without any modification. An essential feature of the present system is the use of a homemade plate-shaped stlver/silver halide reference electrode. Containers, such as a beakers, are not needed; instead, a small thin-layer space between a plate reference electrode and the flat bottom of the ISE sensor is conveniently used for holding a few microliters of sample solution. A schematic representation of the principle for the method is shown in Fig 1. With this arrangement the necessary sample volume can be reduced to the microliter level (1). The thin-layer potentiometric system is extremely useful in immunoassay measurements in which the high selectivity without interference from other proteins and use of a sample volume as small as possible are the most important factors. It has been known in biochemistry that the antigen-antibody-complement reaction triggers the formation of “channel-like” holes across the liposome membrane. The combination of this channel-forming phenomenon with ion-selective electrode provides a unique electrochemical immunoassay (2–9).
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© 1998 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
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Radecka, H., Umezawa, Y. (1998). lmmunobiosensors based on ion-selective electrodes. In: Rogers, K.R., Mulchandani, A. (eds) Affinity Biosensors. Methods in Biotechnology, vol 7. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-539-5:149
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-539-5:149
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-539-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-485-6
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