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Animal Models in Diabetes Research pp 3–16Cite as

The Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse as a Model of Human Type 1 Diabetes

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 933))

Abstract

The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops type 1 diabetes (T1D) and has thus served as a model for understanding the genetic and immunological basis, and treatment, of T1D. Since its initial description in 1980, however, the field has matured and recognized that prevention of diabetes in NOD mice (i.e., preventing the disease from occurring by an intervention prior to frank diabetes) is relatively easy to achieve and does not correlate well with curing the disease (after the onset of frank hyperglycemia). Hundreds of papers have described the prevention of diabetes in NOD mice but only a handful have described its actual reversal. The paradoxical conclusion is that preventing the disease in NOD mice does not necessarily tell us what caused the disease nor how to reverse it. The NOD mouse model is therefore best used now, with respect to human disease, as a way to understand the genetic and immunologic causes of and as a model for trying to reverse disease once hyperglycemia occurs. We describe how genetic approaches to identifying causative gene variants can be adapted to identify novel therapeutic agents for reversing new-onset T1D.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by a grant from the American Diabetes Association, grant ADA 1-11-BS-131 and from the VA, Merit review I01BX007080 from the Biomedical Laboratory Research & Development Service of the VA Office of Research and Development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Kritika Kachapati, David Adams, Kyle Bednar & William M. Ridgway

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  1. Kritika Kachapati
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  2. David Adams
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  3. Kyle Bednar
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  4. William M. Ridgway
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Correspondence to William M. Ridgway .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Pharmacology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, 14558, Germany

    Hans-Georg Joost

  2. German Diabetes Centre, Clinical Biochemistry &Pathobiochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany

    Hadi Al-Hasani

  3. , Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, 14558, Germany

    Annette Schürmann

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Kachapati, K., Adams, D., Bednar, K., Ridgway, W.M. (2012). The Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse as a Model of Human Type 1 Diabetes. In: Joost, HG., Al-Hasani, H., Schürmann, A. (eds) Animal Models in Diabetes Research. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 933. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-068-7_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-068-7_1

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