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Supersolid-like square- and triangular-lattice crystallization of dipolar droplets in a box trap

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Abstract

Using a beyond-mean-field model including a Lee-Huang-Yang-type interaction, we demonstrate a supersolid-like spatially-periodic square- and triangular-lattice crystallization of droplets in a polarized dipolar condensate confined by an appropriate three-dimensional (3D) box trap. In this paper, we consider a rectangular box (cuboid) trap, a square box (cuboid with two equal sides) trap, a cylindrical box trap and a hexagonal box (hexagonal prism) trap. The droplet lattice is always formed in the x-y plane perpendicular to the polarization z direction of dipolar atoms. In contrast to a harmonic trap, the box traps allow the formation of a large clean supersolid-like spatially-periodic crystallization in free space without any distortion. Moreover, a droplet lattice can be formed in a 3D box trap with a significantly reduced number of atoms than in a harmonic trap, which could facilitate the experimental observation of droplet lattice in a box trap. With present know-how such a supersolid-like crystallization of dipolar droplets in a 3D box trap can be realized in a laboratory thus allowing the study of a large periodic lattice of dipolar droplets in free space bounded by rigid walls.

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Acknowledgements

SKA acknowledges support by the CNPq (Brazil) grant 301324/2019-0. LEY-S. would like to acknowledge the financial support by the Vicerrectoria de Investigaciones - Universidad de Cartagena through Project No. 019-2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Modelado Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Bolivar, Colombia

    Luis E. Young-S.

  2. Instituto de Física Teórica, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01140-070, Brazil

    S. K. Adhikari

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  1. Luis E. Young-S.
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Correspondence to S. K. Adhikari.

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Young-S., L.E., Adhikari, S.K. Supersolid-like square- and triangular-lattice crystallization of dipolar droplets in a box trap. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 1153 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03346-7

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