Abstract
The optical force in a Y-type four level atomic system induced by a few-cycle pulsed focused vector field is studied. The expressions for pulsed focused vector beams are used to calculate the optical force. The Bloch equation of the Y-type four-level sodium atom is numerically solved without the rotating-wave approximation. The transverse optical force can change from focusing force to defocusing force depending on the initially state of atom and the detuning of the light frequency. An acceleration of atom that is 11 orders of magnitude higher than the Earth’s gravitational acceleration g can be obtained. It is shown that the focusing and defocusing of real sodium atoms can be possible in an atomic beam just by a few-cycle-pulse laser field.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H.J. Metcalf, P. van der Straten, Laser Cooling and Trapping (Springer, New York, 1999)
V. Letokhov, Laser Control of Atoms and Molecules (Oxford University Press, New York, 2007)
S. Chu, Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 685 (1998)
G.D. Domenico, L. Devenoges, C. Dumas, P. Thomann, Phys. Rev. A 82, 053417 (2010)
P.H. Donnan, M.C. Fujiwara, F. Robicheaux, J. Phys. B 46, 025302 (2013)
Z. Yi, W.J. Gu, G.X. Li, Phys. Rev. A 86, 055401 (2012)
J. Schütz, T. Feldker, H. John, G. Birkl, Phys. Rev. A 86, 022713 (2012)
P.M. Duarte, R.A. Hart, J.M. Hitchcock, T.A. Corcovilos, T.-L. Yang, A. Reed, R.G. Hulet, Phys. Rev. A 84, 061406(R) (2011)
U. Eichmann, T. Nubbemeyer, H. Rottke, W. Sandner, Nature 461, 1261 (2009)
M. Kruger, M. Schenk, P. Hommelhoff, Nature 475, 78 (2011)
A. Baltuska, Th. Udem, M. Uiberacker, M. Hentschel, E. Goulielmakis, Ch. Gohle, R. Holzwarth, V.S. Yakovlev, A. Scrinzi, T.W. Hansch, F. Krausz, Nature 421, 611 (2003)
C. Cohen-Tannoudji, Atoms in Electromagnetic Fields (World Scientific, Singapore, 1994)
V.V. Ivanov, S. Gupta, Phys. Rev. A 84, 063417 (2011)
J. Guo, E. Arimondo, Phys. Rev. A 53, 1224 (1996)
P. Kumar, A.K. Sarma, Phys. Rev. A 84, 043402 (2011)
V.E. Lembessis, D. Ellinas, J. Opt. B 7, 319 (2005)
P. Kumar, A.K. Sarma, Phys. Rev. A 86, 053414 (2011)
X.M. Cai, J. Zheng, Q. Lin, Phys. Rev. A 87, 043401 (2013)
Q. Lin, J. Zheng, W. Becker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 253902 (2006)
J. Zheng, E. Qiu, Y. Yang, Q. Lin, Phys. Rev. A 85, 013417 (2012)
Q. Lin, J. Zheng, Jianming Dai, I.-C. Ho, X.-C. Zhang, Phys. Rev. A 81, 043821 (2010)
J.E. Bjorkholm, R.R. Freeman, A. Ashkin, D.B. Pearson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 1361 (1978)
E. Heyman, L.B. Felsen, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6, 806 (1989)
Z. Wang, Q. Lin, Z. Wang, Phys. Rev. E 67, 016503 (2003)
R.J. Cook, Phys. Rev. A 20, 224 (1979)
A.M. Weiner, D.E. Leaird, Opt. Lett. 15, 51 (1990)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cai, X., Lin, Q. Optical forces on Y-type four-level atoms by a few-cycle pulsed focused vector field. Eur. Phys. J. D 67, 246 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2013-40334-8
Received:
Revised:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2013-40334-8