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Nonclassical rotations of single molecules in small helium and hydrogen clusters: Manifestation of “microscopic superfluidity”

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Abstract

The studies of small helium clusters (up to 100 atoms) and molecular-hydrogen clusters (up to 20 molecules) that are formed in a supersonic gas jet and are coupled by the weak van der Waals interaction with a linear chromophore molecule are reviewed The shift of the frequency of the fundamental vibration of the chromophore, as well as a change in the moment of inertia of a cluster with its growth, has been detected by their rotational and vibrational-rotational spectra. A nonclassical behavior of the moment of inertia manifested in its decrease beginning with a certain number of attached He atoms (H2 molecules) has been revealed. This behavior indicates that a part of a cluster is decoupled from the rotational motion of a molecule. The key question of these studies is whether such behavior of the moment of inertia is the manifestation of the super-fluidity of helium and hydrogen at microscopic level. The results are compared to the spectroscopy of molecules and hydrogen clusters in liquid-helium nanodroplets.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow region, 142190, Russia

    L. A. Surin

  2. I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Cologne, Germany

    L. A. Surin

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  1. L. A. Surin
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Original Russian Text © L.A. Surin, 2013, published in Pis’ma v Zhurnal Eksperimental’noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2013, Vol. 97, No. 1, pp. 61–71.

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Surin, L.A. Nonclassical rotations of single molecules in small helium and hydrogen clusters: Manifestation of “microscopic superfluidity”. Jetp Lett. 97, 57–65 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364013010104

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