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Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Prevalence and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in a Population Studied in the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2012–2015

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The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Motoric Cognitive Risk (MCR) syndrome, describe associated risk factors and to determine the risk of progression to cognitive impairment after three years of follow-up, in a sample of Mexican older adults.

Design

A prospective panel study of health and aging in Mexico.

Setting and participants

Baseline and follow-up information was obtained from the Mexican Health and Aging Study’s 2012 and 2015 waves. A total of 726 subjects aged 60 years or older with normal cognition at baseline were classified into 4 groups: 1) with MCR, 2) with memory complaint only, 3) with slow gait speed only and, 4) without MCR. Cox regression analysis controlling for confounder factors was performed to determine the risk of progression to cognitive impairment in the MCR group.

Measures

Data such as gait speed, functional status and cognitive performance (standardized by age and sex in Mexican population) was collected.

Results

MCR prevalence was 14.3%. When compared with non-MCR subjects, the presence of MCR was associated with older age (p<0.01), lower educational status (p=0.05), having two or more comorbidities (p<0.05) and diabetes mellitus diagnosis (p<0.05). At follow-up and after adjusting for confounders, MCR was associated with a 2.4-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.28-4.26, p=.000) of cognitive impairment.

Conclusions

MCR syndrome increases the risk of cognitive impairment in Mexican older adults. Simple measurements such as gait evaluation in subjects with memory complaints could allow early identification of those at risk of developing cognitive impairment.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico

    Sara G. Aguilar-Navarro & A. J. Mimenza-Alvarado

  2. Geriatric Medicine & Neurology Fellowship, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico

    A. J. Mimenza-Alvarado, J. E. Aguilar-Esquivel & S. G. Yeverino-Castro

  3. Epidemiologic and Health Service Research Unit, Aging Area, Mexican Institute of Social Security, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico

    T. Juárez-Cedillo

  4. Faculty of High Studies (FES) Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico

    T. Juárez-Cedillo

  5. Department of Population Studies, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Baja California, México

    S. Mejía-Arango

  6. Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA

    S. Mejía-Arango

  7. Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias, Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, PC 14080, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico

    Sara G. Aguilar-Navarro

Authors
  1. Sara G. Aguilar-Navarro
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  2. A. J. Mimenza-Alvarado
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  3. J. E. Aguilar-Esquivel
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  6. S. Mejía-Arango
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Correspondence to Sara G. Aguilar-Navarro.

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Aguilar-Navarro, S.G., Mimenza-Alvarado, A.J., Aguilar-Esquivel, J.E. et al. Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Prevalence and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in a Population Studied in the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2012–2015. J Nutr Health Aging 23, 227–231 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1160-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1160-7

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