Skip to main content
Log in

CANON process for nitrogen removal from effluents of municipal sewage treatment plants

  • Published:
Transactions of Tianjin University Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The feasibility and performance of nitrogen removal from municipal sewage were investigated through the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process in a continuous reactor. CANON process was successfully started up with the transformation of nitrogen into gas by mass-balance analysis. For the synthetic wastewater (up to 480 mg NH4 +-N/(L · d)), removal rates of the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen (TN) were about 80% and 55%, respectively, at 1.25 h hydraulic retention time (HRT). For the secondary effluent of municipal sewage, the effluent concentrations of NH4 +-N and TN were below 5 mg/L and 9 mg/L, respectively. It is in accordance with the water quality standard for scenic environment with the reuse of urban recycling water (GB/T 18921-2002).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yan J, Hu Y Y. Partial nitrification to nitrite for treating ammonium-rich organic wastewater by immobilized biomass system[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100(8): 2341–2347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. van Dongen U, Jetten M S M, van Loosdrecht M C M. The SHARON-Anammox process for treatment of ammonium rich wastewater [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2001, 44(1): 153–160.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Jetten M S M, Strous M, van de Pas-Schoonen K T et al. The anaerobic oxidation of ammonium [J]. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 1998, 22(5): 421–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Vazquez-Padin J, Mosquera-Corral A, Campos J L et al. Microbial community distribution and activity dynamics of granular biomass in a CANON reactor [J]. Water Research, 2010, 44(15): 4359–4370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sliekers A O, Derwort N, Campos-Gomez J L et al. Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite in one single reactor [J]. Water Research, 2002, 36(10): 2475–2482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kuypers M M M, Sliekers A O, Lavik G et al. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation by Anammox bacteria in the Black Sea [J]. Nature, 2003, 422(6932): 608–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Wu Libo, Gong Yue, He Shizhong et al. Star-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process in an upflow blanket filter bioreactor [J]. Journal of Tianjin University, 2008, 41(11): 1367–1371(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Wang T, Zhang H M, Yang F L et al. Start-up of the Anammox process from the conventional activated sludge in a membrane bioreactor [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100(9): 2501–2506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Strous M, Fuerst J A, Kramer E H M et al. Missing lithotroph identified as new planctomycete [J]. Nature, 1999, 400(6743): 446–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. National Environmental Protection Agency. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater [M]. China Environmental Science Press, 2005(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Zhang Z J, Chen S H, Wu P et al. Start-up of the Canon process from activated sludge under salt stress in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101(16): 6309–6314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Jung J Y, Kang S H, Chung Y C et al. Factors affecting the activity of Anammox bacteria during start up in the continuous culture reactor [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2007, 55(1–2): 459–468.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Bernet N, Sanchez O, Cesbron D et al. Modeling and control of nitrite accumulation in a nitrifying biofilm reactor [J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2005, 24(2): 173–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Schmidt I, Sliekers O, Schmid M et al. New concepts of microbial treatment processes for the nitrogen removal in wastewater [J]. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 2003, 27(4): 481–492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Isaka K, Date Y, Kimura Y et al. Nitrogen removal performance using anaerobic ammonium oxidation at low temperatures [J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2008, 282(1): 32–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Vazquez-Padin J R, Pozo M J, Jarpa M et al. Treatment of anaerobic sludge digester effluents by the CANON process in an air pulsing SBR [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 166(1): 336–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hao X D, van Loosdrecht M C M. Model-based evaluation of COD influence on a partial nitrification-Anammox biofilm (CANON) process [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2004, 49(11–12): 83–90.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hongbing Yu  (于宏兵).

Additional information

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50308012 and No.21107053); National Science & Technology Program of China (No.2012ZX07501002).

Peng Xinhong, born in 1981, female, doctorate student.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Peng, X., Wu, L., Yu, H. et al. CANON process for nitrogen removal from effluents of municipal sewage treatment plants. Trans. Tianjin Univ. 19, 255–259 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-013-1966-z

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-013-1966-z

Keywords

Navigation