Abstract
This study analyzed the spatial distribution of violent crime (murder, robbery, rape, assault, and larceny) in Korea and the relationship between violent crime and the governance, administrative, physical, and socio-economic factors of local communities. The occurrence of violent crime was approached from the perspective of the community, not from a personal perspective, based on the theoretical ecological perspective. In addition, an analysis model (spatial lag model) designed to analyze spillover effect between neighboring communities. For the analysis, this study used the data of 56 sub-local governments of Seoul Metropolitan City and Gyeonggi Province in 2015.
The analysis results are as follows: First, this study identified five major violent crime occurrence situations through descriptive statistical analysis. Second, the hot-spot and cold-spot of violent crime were derived through exploratory spatial analysis (Moran's I, LISA). Third, this study derived the relationship between the incidence of violent crime and the governance, administrative, physical, and socioeconomic factors of the community through spatial regression analysis based on the spatial lag model. Specifically, the valid factors influenced on the five major violent as follows: variables of local security council in space effect and governance; variables of crime monitoring facilities and crime agency in administrative capacity; variables of detrimental facilities density in physical environment; variables of race heterogeneity and family disorganization(divorce rate) in socio-economic environments. This study presented policy implications based on the above analysis results.
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Notes
In order to measure spatial autocorrelation, a spatial weight matrix must be established that defines the adjacent relationships between regions. There are three methods for building spatial weight matrices: contiguity, distance, and k-nearest neighbors. In this study, spatial weight matrix using contiguity was built, and the method of QUEEN in detail, the adjacent dimension was set to be set at 1.
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Lee, D., Lee, D. Analysis of Influential Factors of Violent Crimes and Building a Spatial Cluster in South Korea. Appl. Spatial Analysis 13, 759–776 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-019-09327-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-019-09327-1