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Biogenic Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Effect on As(III)-Induced Toxicity on Human Lymphocytes

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Abstract

A bioreductive capacity of a plant, Terminalia arjuna leaf extract, was utilized for preparation of selenium nanoparticles. The leaf extract worked as good capping as well as stabilizing agent and facilitated the formation of stable colloidal nanoparticles. Resulting nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), respectively. The colloidal solution showed the absorption maximum at 390 nm while TEM and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) indicated the formation of polydispersed, crystalline selenium nanoparticles of size raging from 10 to 80 nm. FT-IR analysis suggested the involvement of O–H, N–H, C=O, and C–O functional group of the leaf extract in particle formation while EDAX analysis indicated the presence of selenium in synthesized nanoparticles. The effect of nanoparticles on human lymphocytes treated with arsenite, As(III), has been studied. Studies on cell viability using MTT assay and DNA damage using comet assay revealed that synthesized selenium nanoparticles showed protective effect against As(III)-induced cell death and DNA damage. Chronic ingestion of arsenic infested groundwater, and prevalence of arsenicosis is a serious public health issue. The synthesized benign nanoselenium can be a promising agent to check the chronic toxicity caused due to arsenic exposure.

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Acknowledgments

K.S.P. is grateful to Dr. C. L. Patel, Chairman, Charutar Vidyamandal, and Mr. Vipul J. Patel, senior scientific officer at DST (Department of Science and Technology) sponsored SICART (Sophisticated Instrumentation Center for Applied Research and Testing) Anand, Gujarat, India, for their help in analysis of samples. Authors would like to express their deepest gratitude to Prof. C. G. Joshi and Ms. Manisha Patel, Department of Veterinary Science, AAU, Anand, for their help in comet assay.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences (ARIBAS), New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388121, India

    Kumar Suranjit Prasad

  2. Nano and Computational Materials Laboratory, Catalysis Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Pune, 411008, India

    Kaliaperumal Selvaraj

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  1. Kumar Suranjit Prasad
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Correspondence to Kumar Suranjit Prasad or Kaliaperumal Selvaraj.

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Prasad, K.S., Selvaraj, K. Biogenic Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Effect on As(III)-Induced Toxicity on Human Lymphocytes. Biol Trace Elem Res 157, 275–283 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9891-0

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