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Cavernous sinus fistulas: Carotid cavernous fistulas and dural arteriovenous malformations

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Abstract

Direct and indirect carotid cavernous sinus fistulas are uncommon vascular anomalies that result in increased pressure in the cavernous sinus. The subsequent changes in blood flow lead to orbital venous congestion, cranial neuropathies, and glaucoma. The following review summarizes knowledge of the clinical features, natural history, diagnostic testing, and therapy for carotid cavernous sinus fistulas.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 51 North 39th Street, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Leonard Feiner MD, PhD, Jeffrey Bennett MD, PhD & Nicholas J. Volpe MD

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  1. Leonard Feiner MD, PhD
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  2. Jeffrey Bennett MD, PhD
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  3. Nicholas J. Volpe MD
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Feiner, L., Bennett, J. & Volpe, N.J. Cavernous sinus fistulas: Carotid cavernous fistulas and dural arteriovenous malformations. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 3, 415–420 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-003-0025-x

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