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Fifteen Years of Forest Community Management in Niger: from a Technician’s Dream to Social Reality

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Abstract

Forest management policies in tropical countries have undergone a paradigm shift in the 1980s. International environmental policies have recommended redirecting natural resource management from state control to approaches giving responsibilities to local people. In Niger, forest cooperatives and firewood rural markets characterized the transition in forest policies toward the integration of rural people in forest management. Forest management principles have been progressively adapted to the social and ecological context, since the establishment of the first cooperatives in 1986. Changes in forest policies concerned two fronts: forest management governance and forest management technical instruments. In this paper, the impact of governance and technical instruments on forest management is studied in two types of firewood rural markets found in Niger. Both rural markets have been designed to bring about a governance shift in favour of rural people. In one type of rural market, rigorous technical instruments were added, consisting in a rotational system among several plots to be harvested in the forest. This paper shows that in the implementation of rural markets, the shift is mainly on governance of forest management, and not so much on technical instruments. The general management principles remain based on scientific knowledge and are not enforced by rural people. These principles have been shown to be inappropriate with regard to Sahelian people’s representation of space, but because they are scientific, they cannot be questioned. The study suggests that sustainable forest management will be better served by interesting rural people in the rural markets, and thereby promoting their appropriation of forest resources, than by defining rigorous technical rules.

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Notes

  1. 1 FCFA = 0.15245 € (exchange rate in 2011).

  2. 1 stere = 1 m3 of stacked firewood.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Laurène Feintrenie and Steve Harrison for helpful comments on our first mansucript and Marie-Cécile Maraval for English reviewing. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and suggestions. This work was supported by the ‘Gesforcom’ (Comunal and community forest management) project funded by the European Union and by a scholarship from CIRAD (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Campus international de Baillarguet, TA-C 47/F, 34398, Montpellier, France

    Fanny Rives

  2. Campus international de Baillarguet, TA-C 105/D, 34398, Montpellier, France

    Régis Peltier

  3. Direction régionale du CIRAD, Ampandrianomby, BP853, Antananarivo, Madagascar

    Pierre Montagne

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  1. Fanny Rives
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  2. Régis Peltier
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  3. Pierre Montagne
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Correspondence to Fanny Rives.

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Rives, F., Peltier, R. & Montagne, P. Fifteen Years of Forest Community Management in Niger: from a Technician’s Dream to Social Reality. Small-scale Forestry 12, 87–105 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-012-9203-5

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