Abstract
The adsorption capacity of ground hazelnut (HS) and almond (AS) shells towards Pb(II) and Cd(II) has been studied at pH = 5, in NaNO3 and NaCl ionic media, in the ionic strength range 0.05–0.5 mol L−1. Kinetic and equilibrium experiments were carried out by using the Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry technique to check the amount of the metal ion removed by HS and AS materials. Different kinetic and equilibrium equations were used to fit experimental data and a statistical study was done to establish the suitable model for the data fitting. A speciation study of the metal ions in solution was also done in order to evaluate the influence of the ionic medium on the adsorption process. TGA-DSC, FT-IR, and SEM-EDX techniques were used to characterize the adsorbent materials. The mechanism of metal ions adsorption was explained on the basis of the results obtained by the metal ions speciation study and the characterization of materials.
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We thank the Italian Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR, PRIN project n. 2015MP34H3_003 and 2015MP34H3_004) for financial support.
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Cataldo, S., Gianguzza, A., Milea, D. et al. A critical approach to the toxic metal ion removal by hazelnut and almond shells. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 4238–4253 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0779-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0779-3