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Genetic diversity and molecular phylogeography of Chinese domestic goats by large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis

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Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequences of 666 individuals (including 109 new individuals, 557 individuals retrieved from GenBank) from 33 Chinese domestic goat breeds throughout China were used to investigate their mtDNA variability and molecular phylogeography. The results showed that all goat breeds in this study proved to be extremely diverse, and the average haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were 0.990 ± 0.001 and 0.032 ± 0.001, respectively. The 666 sequences gave 326 different haplotypes. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that there were 4 mtDNA haplogroups identified in Chinese domestic goats, in which haplogroup A was predominant and widely distributed. Our finding was consistent with archaeological data and other genetic diversity studies. Amova analysis showed there was significant geographical structuring. Almost 84.31 % of genetic variation was included in the within-breed variance component and only 4.69 % was observed among the geographic distributions. This genetic diversity results further supported the previous view of multiple maternal origins of Chinese domestic goats, and the results on the phylogenetic relationship contributed to a better understanding of the history of goat domestication and modern production of domestic goats.

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31172195), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. XDJK2010C092, the 2013 Innovation Team Building Program in Chongqing universities and Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (No. CSTC, 2011BB1015).

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The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People’s Republic of China

    Yongju Zhao, Runze Zhao, Zhongquan Zhao, Huizhong Xu, Erhu Zhao & Jiahua Zhang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716, People’s Republic of China

    Erhu Zhao

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  1. Yongju Zhao
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Correspondence to Yongju Zhao.

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Zhao, Y., Zhao, R., Zhao, Z. et al. Genetic diversity and molecular phylogeography of Chinese domestic goats by large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis. Mol Biol Rep 41, 3695–3704 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3234-2

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