Sensitization evaluation of the austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L, 316L, 321 and 347

Abstract

This work presents a systematic investigation of the influence of time and temperature in the sensitization of stainless steel AISI 304L, AISI 316L, AISI 321 and AISI 347 pipes used in petroleum refining plants. The sensitization was assessed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) according to ASTM A-262 and by the Double Loop Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation test (DLEPR). The results showed that all steels did not present sensitization at operating temperature (380°C) in the desulfurizers process, but the temperature of 500°C was critical to the appearing of sensitization for the both low carbon stainless steels and AISI 321 SS, while for the AISI 347 the critical temperature was 550°C. The stabilized steels confirmed to be more resistant to sensitization than the low carbon stainless steels, and niobium showed to be more efficient stabilizing agent than titanium.