Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of plant growth regulators on growth and morphogenesis in tissue culture of Chondracanthus chamissoi (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta)

  • Published:
Journal of Applied Phycology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Chondracanthus chamissoi (C. Agardh) Kützing (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) is an edible species and commercialised for carrageenan production in Chile. Investigations on growth and development are needed to improve its cultivation; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on its growth and morphogenesis. PGRs tested were two auxins [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)] and one cytokinin (benzylaminopurine (BA)) in concentrations of 0.5, 5.0 and 50.0 μM. These PGRs were added to seawater enriched with half strength of von Stosch solution and were gelled with 0.6 % agar, and treatment control (without PGR addition) was conducted simultaneously. Apical and intercalary segments were used as initial explants. Each treatment was tested with six replicates of five axenic explants, and statistical analyses were performed. After culturing in a solid medium for 10 weeks to induce growth and callus formation, explants were cultured in liquid medium with the same experimental conditions for 10 weeks. Effects of auxins (IAA and 2,4-D) and the cytokinin BA on growth rates of apical segments of C. chamissoi were not significant, while low concentration of IAA stimulated the growth of intercalary segments. On the other hand, high concentrations of BA and IAA stimulated the callus formation in apical and intercalary segments, respectively. In liquid medium, PGR did not have a significant effect on growth rates of apical segments, while 2,4-D in concentrations from 0.5 to 50.0 μM stimulated growth of intercalary segments, and formation of lateral branches was stimulated by low 2,4-D in apical segments. These results suggest that PGRs have a regulatory role on callus formation and growth of specific explants of C. chamissoi. Furthermore, the formation of lateral branches stimulated by auxin could be used for seedling production under controlled conditions and could improve the micropropagation and cultivation of C. chamissoi in the Chilean coast.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Avila M, Piel MI, Caceres JH, Alveal K (2011) Cultivation of the red alga Chondracanthus chamissoi: sexual reproduction and seedling production in culture under controlled conditions. J Appl Phycol 23:529–536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulboa C, Macchiavello J (2001) The effects of light and temperature on different phases of the life cycle in the carrageenan producing alga Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales). Bot Mar 44:371–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulboa C, Macchiavello J (2006) Cultivation of cystocarpic, tetrasporic and vegetative fronds of Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) on ropes at two localities in northern Chile. Investig Mar 34:151–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulboa C, Macchiavello J, Veliz K, Oliveira E (2010) Germination rate and sporeling development of Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) varies along a latitudinal gradient on the coast of Chile. Aquat Bot 92:137–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers JM, Hastie TJ (1992) Statistical models. In: Chambers JM, Hastie TJ (eds) Statistical models in S. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies PJ (1995) The plant hormone concept: concentration, sensitivity and transport. In: Davies PJ (ed) Plant hormones—physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 13–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonck E, Martinez R, Vásquez J, Bulboa C (2008) Factors that affect the re-attachment of Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) thalli. J Appl Phycol 20:311–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • González J, Meneses I (1996) Differences in the early stages of development of gametophytes and tetrasporophytes of Chondracanthus chamissoi (C. Ag.) Kützing from Puerto Aldea, Northern Chile. Aquaculture 143:91–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • González J, Meneses I, Vásquez J (1997) Field studies in Chondracanthus chamissoi (C. Agardh) Kützing: seasonal and spatial variations in life-cycle phases. Biol Pesq 26:3–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Gusev MV, Tambiev AH, Kikova NN, Shelyastin NN, Aslanyan RR (1987) Callus formation in seven species of agarophyte marine algae. Mar Biol 95:593–597

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hagen G (1995) The control of gene expression by auxin. In: Davies PJ (ed) Plant hormones—physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 228–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang W, Fujita Y (1996) Callus induction and thallus regeneration in some species of red algae. Phycol Res 45:105–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang W, Fujita Y (1997) Callus induction and thallus regeneration of the red alga Meristotheca papulosa (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales). Bot Mar 40:55–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaczyna F, Megnet R (1993) The effects of glycerol and plant growth regulators on Gracilaria verrucosa (Gigartinales, Rhodophyceae). Hydrobiologia 268:57–64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krikorian AD (1995) Hormones in tissue culture and micropropagation. In: Davies PJ (ed) Plant hormones—physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 774–796

    Google Scholar 

  • Macchiavello J, Bulboa C, Edding M (2003) Vegetative propagation and spore recruitment in the carrageenophyte Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) in northern Chile. Phycol Res 51:45–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira EC, Paula EJ, Plastino EM, Petti R (1995) Metodologias para cultivo no axenico de macroalgas marinhas in vitro. In: Alveal K, Ferrario ME, Oliveira EC, Sar E (eds) Manual de Métodos Ficológicos. Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion, pp 429–447

    Google Scholar 

  • Polne-Fuller M, Gibor A (1987) Calluses and callus-like growth in seaweeds: induction and culture. Hydrobiologia 151/152:131–138

    Google Scholar 

  • Provasoli L (1968) Media and prospects for the cultivation of marine algae. In: Watanabe A, Hattori A (eds) Cultures and collection of algae. Proceedings of the US Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists Conference, Hakone, pp 63–75

  • Reddy CRK, Raja Krishna Kumar G, Siddhanta AK, Tewari A (2003) In vitro somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of somatic embryos from pigmented callus of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales). J Phycol 39:610–616

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robledo DR, Garcia-Reina G (1993) Apical callus formation in Solieria filiformis (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) cultured in tanks. Hydrobiologia 260/261:401–406

    Google Scholar 

  • Sáez F, Macchiavello J, Fonck E, Bulboa C (2008) The role of secondary attachment disc in vegetative propagation of Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales). Aquat Bot 89:63–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stevens DR, Purton S (1997) Genetic engineering of eucaryotic algae: progress and prospects. J Phycol 33:713–722

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stirk WA, van Staden J (2006) Seaweed products as biostimulants in agriculture. In: Critchley AT, Ohno M, Largo DB (eds) World seaweed resources. ETI Information Services Ltd, Wokingham, pp 1–32, DVD ROM

    Google Scholar 

  • Stirk WA, Novak O, Strnad M, Van Staden J (2003) Cytokinins in macroalgae. Plant Growth Regul 41:13–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vásquez J, Vega JA (2001) Chondracanthus chamissoi (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) in northern Chile: ecological aspects for management of wild population. J Appl Phycol 13:267–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS (2000) Apical callus formation and plant regeneration controlled by plant growth regulators on axenic culture of the red alga Gracilariopsis tenuifrons (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Phycol Res 48:133–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, Handro W (1996) Effects of auxins and cytokinins on agar culture of Grateloupia dichotoma (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). Hydrobiologia 326/327:393–400

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, Yoneshigue-Valentin Y (2011) Micropropagation as a tool for sustainable utilization and conservation of populations of Rhodophyta. Braz J Pharmacogn 21:334–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, Kakita H, Obika H, Kitamura T (1999) Effects of environmental factors and plant growth regulators on growth of the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla from Shikoku Islands, Japan. Hydrobiologia 398/399:339–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, Plastino EM, Artel R (2003) Physiological responses and pigment characterization of two colour strains of the carrageenophyte Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyta). In: Chapman ARO, Anderson RJ, Vreeland VJ, Davison R (eds) Proceedings of the 17th international seaweed symposium. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 425–433

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, West JA, Luchi AE (2004) Effects of plant growth regulators on callus formation, growth and regeneration in axenic tissue cultures of Gracilaria tenuistipitata and G. perplexa (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Phycol Res 52:244–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, Necchi Júnior O, Martins AP, Gonzalez SF, Plastino EM (2007) Growth responses and photosynthetic characteristics of wild and phycoerythrin-deficient strains of Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyta). J Appl Phycol 19:197–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoya NS, Stirk WA, van Staden J, Novak O, Tureckova V, Pencik A, Strnad M (2010) Endogenous cytokinins, auxins and abscisic acid in red algae from Brazil. J Phycol 46:1198–1205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank supports from the FONDEF, Chile (projects D06I1058 and D08I1067 to MA), and the CONICYT (project MEC 80100021 to NSY). The first author thanks the Universidad de Magallanes (Chile) for the stay as an invited researcher and grants from the Fapesp and from the CNPq (Brazil). We also thank valuable suggestions made by two anonymous reviewers who helped to improve the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia, Instituto de Botânica, Av. Miguel Estéfano, 3687, 04301-012, São Paulo, Brazil

    Nair S. Yokoya

  2. Institute of Science and Technology, University Arturo Prat, Ejercito 443, Puerto Montt, Chile

    Marcela Ávila, Maria I. Piel, Fabiola Villanueva & Angelica Alcapan

Authors
  1. Nair S. Yokoya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marcela Ávila
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maria I. Piel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Fabiola Villanueva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Angelica Alcapan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nair S. Yokoya.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yokoya, N.S., Ávila, M., Piel, M.I. et al. Effects of plant growth regulators on growth and morphogenesis in tissue culture of Chondracanthus chamissoi (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). J Appl Phycol 26, 819–823 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0130-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0130-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation