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Temperature and the size of freshwater phytoplankton

  • COLIN S. REYNOLDS’ LEGACY
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Abstract

We review the literature on the relationship between water temperature and size of freshwater phytoplankton, to examine the hypothesis that freshwater phytoplankton, like marine phytoplankton and many other groups of organisms, conform to Bergmann’s Rule and become smaller with warming. We provide both experimental and field evidence in support of the above hypothesis, much of this evidence was hidden in studies focused on other issues, but presenting temperature and phytoplankton size data. Freshwater phytoplankton size shrinks with increasing temperature at both the species level (by cells or colonies becoming smaller) and at the community level (shift to smaller species). Exceptions to the Rule do occur but in most cases those exceptions can be explained by indirect effects of temperature on phytoplankton size, via processes such as grazing or nutrient availability. With global warming, freshwater phytoplankton are likely to be of smaller size. This article is dedicated to Colin S. Reynolds, who has had a leading role in our personal education and understanding of phytoplankton ecology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd., Migdal, Israel

    Tamar Zohary

  2. Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via Mach 2, 38010, S. Michele all’adige, TN, Italy

    Giovanna Flaim

  3. Marine Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre of Ocean Research Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany

    Ulrich Sommer

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Guest editors: Judit Padisák, J. Alex Elliott, Martin T. Dokulil & Luigi Naselli-Flores / New, old and evergreen frontiers in freshwater phytoplankton ecology: the legacy of Colin S. Reynolds

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Zohary, T., Flaim, G. & Sommer, U. Temperature and the size of freshwater phytoplankton. Hydrobiologia 848, 143–155 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04246-6

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