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Tomato mottle wrinkle virus, a recombinant begomovirus infecting tomato in Argentina

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Abstract

Begomoviruses seriously threaten tomato production in South America. Here, we present the molecular characterization of a novel tomato-infecting begomovirus isolated in Argentina and demonstrate its infectivity. After cloning and sequencing the complete genome of this new virus, pairwise genetic distance and phylogenetic analyses revealed that it is a novel virus that is closely related to other begomoviruses found in Argentina, Brazil and Bolivia. We have proposed naming the virus tomato mottle wrinkle virus (ToMoWrV), based on symptoms produced upon its biolistic inoculation into tomato plants. Recombination analysis revealed that ToMoWrV is a recombinant, with parental sequences likely belonging to the South American begomoviruses soybean blistering mosaic virus (SoBlMV) and tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV).

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by AEBIO-242411-INTA-2009 projects. We thank Agr. Eng. Joaquin Fernández De Ullivarri and Agr. Eng. (M.Sc.) Ceferino René Flores for providing us with the infected tomato sample from Salta, and Msc María Lorena Giachero for tomato photography.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE) CIAP-INTA, Córdoba, Argentina

    C. G. Vaghi Medina & P. M. López Lambertini

  2. Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Computational Biology Group, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    D. P. Martin

Authors
  1. C. G. Vaghi Medina
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  2. D. P. Martin
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  3. P. M. López Lambertini
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. M. López Lambertini.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

705_2014_2216_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx

ESM_1 Table summarizing DNA-A and DNA-B sequences from all begomoviruses used in this article for phylogenetic and recombination analysis (XLSX 19 kb)

705_2014_2216_MOESM2_ESM.pdf

ESM_2 a: Common-region characterization of the AR:Pichanal:400:08 isolate. The alignment is composed of DNA-A and DNA-B CR sequences of the AR:Pichanal:400:08 isolate and DNA-A CR sequences of soybean blistering mosaic virus (SoBlMV-EF016486), tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV-EF417915), solanum mosaic Bolivia virus (SoMBoV-HM585435), and tomato dwarf leaf virus (ToDLV-JN564749). Vertical bars indicate the characteristic common region motifs. Arrows indicate the orientation of the iterons. b left: Schematic representation of the recombination event in AR:Pichanal:400:08; the sequences that most resemble the parental sequences are shown: ToYVSV (KJ413253) in red and SoBlMV (EF016486) in green. A pairwise identity graph is shown to indicate the recombinant breakpoints. Black arrows represent the characteristic begomovirus open reading frame distribution. Black lane indicates the common region. b right: Table summarizing the p-values for all methods implemented in RDP4 that were used to detect this recombination event. (PDF 512 kb)

705_2014_2216_MOESM3_ESM.pdf

ESM_3 Maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree based on multiple alignment of full-length DNA-B sequences of AR:Pichanal:400:08, AR:Pichanal:397:08 and 47 related South American begomoviruses (Online resource 1). Only non-parametric bootstrap values over 50 are shown as node support. African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV- AF259895) was selected as an out-group. (PDF 901 kb)

705_2014_2216_MOESM4_ESM.jpg

ESM_4: Leaf mottling and mild wrinkling symptoms exhibited by tomato plants inoculated with RCA products of AR:Piwchanal:400:08 DNA-A and DNA-B by the biolistic method (b) and non-inoculated tomato plant (a). (JPEG 593 kb)

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Vaghi Medina, C.G., Martin, D.P. & López Lambertini, P.M. Tomato mottle wrinkle virus, a recombinant begomovirus infecting tomato in Argentina. Arch Virol 160, 581–585 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2216-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2216-y

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