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Comparison of the Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan Oligosaccharides (COS) and EDTA against Fusarium fujikuroi Causing Rice Bakanae Disease

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Abstract

Bakanae disease is a destructive rice disease in South Korea caused by Fusarium fujikuroi infection. Chemical fungicides have been used to manage the disease, but the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains has gradually increased. Two chelating agents, chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and ethylenediaminetetraacetatic acid (EDTA), are well known as biosafe and biocompatible antimicrobial agents. In this study, we compared the actions of COS and EDTA to gain a better understanding of the underlying antimicrobial activities and to evaluate them as eco-friendly fungicides against F. fujikuroi. While COS exhibited a rapid fungicidal effect on hyphal growing cells within 5 min, EDTA had a fungistatic effect on reversible growth inhibition. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that COS treatment resulted in pore-formation and cellular leakage along the growing hyphae, whereas EDTA caused no significant morphological changes. COS activity was greatly suppressed by the addition of Ca2+ to the medium, and EDTA action was largely suppressed by Mn2+ and slightly by Ca2+, respectively. Taken together, these results indicated that two chelating agents, COS and EDTA, have different modes of antimicrobial action on F. fujikuroi. Thus, the combination of chelating agents having different modes of action might be an effective disease management strategy to prevent or delay the development of fungicide-resistant strains.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by “research base construction fund support program” funded by Chonbuk National University in 2015, and the grand from the National Academy of Agricultural Science (PJ01168502), RDA, Korea. We also thank the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) for distributing fungal strains.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Division of Science Education and Institute of Fusion Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea

      Seung Won Kim, Cho Heun Lee & Ja Choon Koo

    2. Department of Life Science, College of Bio-nano, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea

      Jae Kweon Park

    3. National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 560-500, Republic of Korea

      Bum-Soo Hahn

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    1. Seung Won Kim
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    Correspondence to Ja Choon Koo.

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    The authors declare that they have no potential conflict of interest. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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    Seung Won Kim and Jae Kweon Park have contributed equally to this work.

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    Kim, S.W., Park, J.K., Lee, C.H. et al. Comparison of the Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan Oligosaccharides (COS) and EDTA against Fusarium fujikuroi Causing Rice Bakanae Disease. Curr Microbiol 72, 496–502 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-015-0973-9

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