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Genetic traceability of Asti Spumante and Moscato d’Asti musts and wines using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers

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Abstract

The final characteristics of a wine are strongly influenced by must varietal composition. Further, wine quality and value can be heavily modified if grape varieties other than those expected/allowed are used, especially in the case of monovarietal wines. ‘Moscato bianco’, which is one of the main grape varieties grown in Piedmont (north-western Italy), is used for the production of two renowned monovarietal sparkling wines: Asti Spumante and Moscato d’Asti. Here, the genetic traceability of these wines was assessed using a simple sequence repeat (SSR or microsatellite) DNA-based method. Must and wine samples from two local wineries were collected at different winemaking steps: after grape crushing and pressing, without the skins (must sample 1, M1); after static clarification or flotation (M2); halfway through fermentation (M3); and finished wines. A DNA extraction protocol was developed, and samples were analysed using a set of 9 nuclear (nSSR) and 7 chloroplast (cpSSR) markers. The application of nSSR markers was successful for M1 and M2, but was inadequate for M3 and wines. CpSSR gave better results as amplifications were achieved using DNA extracted from M1, M2 and wines, despite the lack of amplification in M3. Furthermore, the amplified cpSSR loci showed high polymorphism, allowing the identification of 5 distinct chlorotypes among 7 muscat-flavoured and 2 non-aromatic grapevines. Altogether, these results suggest that this technique could be extended to wine quality and authenticity control, as well as origin protection.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Regione Piemonte Administration.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Virology Institute, National Research Council (IVV-CNR), UOS of Grugliasco, via Leonardo Da Vinci, 44, 10095, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy

    Paolo Boccacci & Anna Schneider

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-Ambientali, Chimica e Difesa Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Foggia, via Napoli, 25, 71100, Foggia, Italy

    Aziz Akkak

  3. Dipartimento di Colture Arboree, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Leonardo da Vinci, 44, 10095, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy

    Daniela Torello Marinoni

  4. Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali, Sez. Microbiologia agraria e Tecnologie alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Leonardo da Vinci, 44, 10095, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy

    Vincenzo Gerbi

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  1. Paolo Boccacci
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  2. Aziz Akkak
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  3. Daniela Torello Marinoni
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  4. Vincenzo Gerbi
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  5. Anna Schneider
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Correspondence to Paolo Boccacci.

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Boccacci, P., Akkak, A., Torello Marinoni, D. et al. Genetic traceability of Asti Spumante and Moscato d’Asti musts and wines using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers. Eur Food Res Technol 235, 439–446 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1770-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1770-3

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