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A comparative analysis of the cell biology of senescence and aging

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Abstract

Various intracellular organelles, such as lysosomes, mitochondria, nuclei, and cytoskeletons, change during replicative senescence, but the utility of these changes as general markers of senescence and their significance with respect to functional alterations have not been comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, the relevance of these alterations to cellular and functional changes in aging animals is poorly understood. In this paper, we review the studies that report these senescence-associated changes in various aging cells and their underlying mechanisms. Changes associated with lysosomes and mitochondria are found not only in cells undergoing replicative or induced senescence but also in postmitotic cells isolated from aged organisms. In contrast, other changes occur mainly in cells undergoing in vitro senescence. Comparison of age-related changes and their underlying mechanisms in in vitro senescent cells and aged postmitotic cells would reveal the relevance of replicative senescence to the physiological processes occurring in postmitotic cells as individuals age.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Byung Pal Yu at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio for the time and effort he generously devoted to improve the quality of the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Daniel DiMaio at Yale University for helpful discussion and correction of English. This work was supported by a grant from the Research Program of Dual Regulation Mechanisms of Aging and Cancer from the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation) (M10756040001-08N5604-00110) and by the Korea Research Foundation Grant (MOEHRD, Basic Research Promotion Fund) (KRF-2007-314-C00229).

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  1. Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Dongdaemungu, Jeonnongdong 90, Seoul, 130-743, Republic of Korea

    Eun Seong Hwang & Hyun Tae Kang

  2. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Science & Technology, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-721, Republic of Korea

    Gyesoon Yoon

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  1. Eun Seong Hwang
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Hwang, E.S., Yoon, G. & Kang, H.T. A comparative analysis of the cell biology of senescence and aging. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 66, 2503–2524 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0034-2

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