Skip to main content
Log in

Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage

  • Published:
American Potato Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objective was to investigate the effects of moisture conditions in storage at 21 C (± 3) on true potato seed (TPS) germination and seedling vigor. The influence of supplemental nitrogen (N) during seed production on these effects was also studied. One set of TPS was stored exposed to ambient humid (> 80% RH) air; the other was stored dry (sealed with silica gel). Germination tests were performed at 7, 11, and 14 months of seed storage. Seedling vigor tests were made at 14, 20, and 23 months.

The rate of germination was mostly affected by the moisture conditions during storage. Seed stored dry germinated faster than TPS stored in humid ambient air. The rate of germination increased with time in storage and the percentage of germination was always high (≥ 95%) in dry seed produced with high N. Seedling vigor was mostly affected by N treatments during seed production. High-N seed had a much higher rate and percentage of emergence and seedling dry-weight levels than low-N seed, particularly when stored dry. Seedling vigor criteria decreased with time in storage in low-N seed; in high-N seed, the rate of emergence increased and the percentage of emergence was always high (≥ 95%). In conclusion, the TPS should be produced with high N and stored dry for sowing under unfavorable conditions.

Compendio

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los efectos de las condiciones de humedad en el almacenamiento a 21 C (± 4), sobre la germinación y el vigor de las plántulas provenientes de semilla sexual (TPS). Se estudió también la influencia, sobre estos efectos, del nitrógeno (N) suplementario, durante la producción de semilla. Una muestra de TPS fue almacenada exponiéndola a un ambiente húmedo (> 80% HR); otra muestra fue almacenada seca (sellada con gel de sílica). Se realizaron pruebas de germinación a los 7, 11 y 14 meses del almacenamiento de la semilla. Las pruebas de vigor fueron efectuadas a los 14, 20 y 23 meses.

La tasa de germinación fue afectada mayormente por las condiciones de humedad durante el almacenamiento. La semilla almacenada seca germinó más rápido que la TPS almacenada en ambiente de aire húmedo. La tasa de germinación se incrementó con el tiempo de almacenamiento y el porcentaje de germinación fue siempre alto (≥ 95%) en la semilla seca producida con aplicación alta de nitrógeno. El vigor de las plántulas fue aceptado principalmente por los tratamientos nitrogenados durante la producción de la semilla. La semilla en alto contenido ne nitrógeno tuvo una tasa y un porcentaje mucho delmayor de emergencia y niveles mayores de materia seca en las plántulas que la semilla obtenida en bajo contenido de nitrógeno, especialmente cuando se les almacenó secas. El vigor de las plántulas disminuyó con el tiempo de almacenamiento en las semillas en bajo nivel de nitrógeno; en las de alto nivel de nitrógeno, se incrementó la tasa de emergencia y el porcentaje de emergencia fue siempre alto (≥95%). En conclusión, la semilla sexual debe producirse en altas dosis ne nitrógeno y almacenarse seca cuando vaya a ser sembrada en condiciones desfavorables.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  1. Barker, W.G. and G.R. Johnston. 1980. The longevity of seeds of the common potatoSolanum tuberosum. Am Potato J 57:601–607.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bohnenblust, K.E. 1970. Germination of potato seeds following various periods of storage. Am Potato J 47:352. (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gray, D. and T.H. Thomas. 1982. Seed germination and seedling emergence as influenced by the position of development of the seed on, and chemical application to, the parent plant.In: The physiology and biochemistry of seed development, dormancy and germination. A.A. Khan (Ed.). pp. 81–110.

  4. Harrington, J.F. 1971. The necessity for high quality vegetal seed. HortScience 6:550–551.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Howard, H.W. 1969. The storage of true seeds of potatoes. Eur Potato J 12:278–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Howard, H.W. 1980. Storage of true potato seeds for 25 years. Potato Res 23:241–242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kermode, A.R., J.D. Bewley, J. Dasgupta and S. Misra. 1986. The transition from seed development to germination: A key role for desiccation? HortScience 21:1113–1117.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Leopold, A.C. and C.W. Vertucci. 1989. Moisture as a regulator of physiological reaction in seeds.In: Seed moisture. P.C. Stanwood and M.B. McDonald. Crop Science Soc of Am. pp. 51–67.

  9. Matthews, S. and A.A. Powell. 1986. Environmental and physiological constraints on field performance of seeds. HortScience 21:1125–1128.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Osborne, D.J. 1982. Deoxyribonucleic acid integrity and repair in seed germination: The importance in seed viability and survival.In: The physiology and biochemistry of seed development, dormancy and germination. A.A. Khan (Ed.). pp. 435–463.

  11. Pallais, N. 1987. True potato seed quality. Theor Appl Genet 73:784–792.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Pallais, N., S. Villagarcia, N. Fong, J. Tapia and R. Garcia. 1987. Effect of supplemental nitrogen on true potato seed weight. Am Potato J 64:483–491.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pallais, N., H. Asmat, N. Fong and J. Santos-Rojas. 1989. Factors affecting seedling vigor in potatoes: I. Stage of seed development. Am Potato J 66:793–801.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Perry, D.A. 1981. Handbook of vigour test methods. Int’l Seed Test Assoc, Zurich, Switzerland. 72 p.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Roberts, E.H. 1979. Seed deterioration and loss of viability.In: Advances in research and technology of seeds, Part 4. (Ed.) J.R. Thomson. Int’l Seed Test Assoc, Wageningen, Netherlands, pp. 25–42.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Roberts, E.H. and R.H. Ellis. 1980. Physiological, ultrastructural and metabolic aspects of seed viability.In: The physiology and biochemistry of seed development, dormancy and germination. A.A. Khan (Ed.). pp. 465–485.

  17. Ross, E.E. 1980. Physiological, biochemical, and genetic changes in seed quality during storage. HortScience 15:781–784.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Sadik, S. and J.W. White. 1982. True potato seed drying over rice. Potato Res. 25:269–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Scott, S.J. and R.A. Williams. 1984. Review of data analysis methods for seed germination. Crop Sci 24:1192–1199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Simmonds, N.W. 1963. Experiments on the germination of potato seeds. II. Potato Res 6:69–76.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Simmonds, N.W. 1968. Prolonged storage of potato seeds. Eur Potato J 11:150–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Thomas, J.F. and C.D. Raper, Jr. 1979. Germinability of tobacco seed as affected by culture to the mother plant. Agronomy J 71:694–695.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. White, J. 1983. Germination physiology of true potato seed. Rept Int Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru. p. 25.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pallais, N., Espinola, N. Seed quality as affected by nitrogen during true potato seed production and moisture conditions during storage. American Potato Journal 69, 85–93 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02855337

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02855337

Additional Key Words

Navigation