Skip to main content
Log in

From imperial to regional trade preferences: Its effect on europe’s intra- and extra-regional trade

  • Articles
  • Published:
Review of World Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

From Imperial to Regional Trade Preferences: Effect on Europe's Intra- and Extra-Regional Trade. - Europe's switch from imperial to regional trade preferences has certainly raised the share of its trade that is intra-regional, but this does not necessarily mean Europe is becoming less economically integrated with the rest of the world. This paper shows that the propensity for European GDP to be traded with non-Europeans - which trebled during the hundred years to 1928 - has fallen little since then. The reason is that the re-direction of Europe's trade has been accompanied by a considerable degree of opening up to trade with non-Europeans. Data are also presented for Eastern and Western Europe separately from 1928. The hope is that Europe's latest regional integration initiatives will be able to continue this trend, rather than lead to a “Fortress Europe” outcome.

Zusammenfassung

Von den imperialen zu regionalen Handelspräferenzen. Auswirkungen auf den intra- und extraregionalen Handel Europas. - Der Übergang Europas von imperialen zu regionalen Handelspräferenzen hat sicherlich den Teil seines Handels, der intraregional ist, vergröβert. Das bedeutet aber nicht notwendigerweise, daβ Europa mit dem Rest der Welt weniger integriert ist. Der Aufsatz zeigt, daβ der Güteraustausch mit Partnern auβerhalb Europas, der sich in den hundert Jahren vor 1928 verdreifachte, seither kaum zurückgegangen ist. Das liegt daran, daβ die Neuorientierung des europäischen Handels von einer erheblichen Öffnung für den Handel mit Nicht-Europäern begleitet gewesen ist. Auch getrennte Daten für Ost- und Westeuropa seit 1928 werden vorgelegt. Es ist zu hoffen, daβ die neuesten Integrationsinitiativen Europas diesen Trend werden fortsetzen können und nicht zur Bildung einer «Festung Europa” führen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, Kym, Hege Norneim, “Is World Trade Becoming More Regionalized?”The Review of International Economics, Vol. 1, 1993, pp. 91–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bairoch, Paul, “Geographical Structure and Trade Balance of European Foreign Trade from 1800 to 1970.”The Journal of European Economic History, Vol. 3, 1974, pp. 507–608.

    Google Scholar 

  • - [1976a],Commerce Exterieur et Développement Economique de l'Europe au XIX* Siècle. Paris 1976.

  • — [1976b], “Europe's Gross National Product 1800-1975.”The Journal of European Economic History, Vol. 5, 1976, pp. 273–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balassa, Bela, “Trade Liberalization and ‘Revealed’ Comparative Advantage.”The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, Vol. 33, 1965, pp. 99–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benham, Frederic,Great Britain under Protection. New York 1941.

  • British Board of Trade,Statistical Tables Relating to British and Foreign Trade and Industry. London 1903 and 1930.

  • Brown, Antony J.,Applied Economics: Aspects of the World Economy in War and Peace. London 1949.

  • Drysdale, Peter,International Economic Pluralism. Economic Policy in East Asia and the Pacific. Sydney 1988.

  • —,Ross Garnant, “Trade Intensities and the Analysis of Bilateral Trade Flows in a Many-Country World: A Survey.”Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, Vol. 22,1982, pp. 62–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrand, Raymond,The Changing Pattern of Commonwealth Trade: An Analysis of Biases in Trade. Flinders University, unpublished honours thesis. Adelaide 1986.

  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),Trends in International Trade: A Report by a Panel of Experts. Geneva 1958.

  • -,International Trade 1986–87; 1988–89, Vol. II; 1990–91, Vol. II. Geneva 1987, 1989 and 1992.

  • Haight, Frank A.,A History of French Commercial Policies. New York 1941.

  • Institut National de la Statistiques et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE),Annuaire Statistique, 1946: Résumé Rétrospectif. Paris 1947.

  • Kindleberger, Charles P., “The Rise of Free Trade in Western Europe, 1820-1875.”The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 35, 1975, pp. 20–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krugman, Paul,Geography and Trade. Leuven 1991.

  • Kuznets, Simon S.,Modem Economie Growth: Rate, Structure and Spread. New Haven 1966.

  • League of Nations,Europe's Trade: A Study of the Trade of European Countries with Each Other and with the Rest of the World. Geneva 1941.

  • -,The Network of World Trade. Geneva 1942.

  • -,Industrialisation and Foreign Trade. Geneva 1945.

  • Learner, Edward E., “Measures of Openness.” In: Robert E. Baldwin (Ed.),Trade Policy Issues and Empirical Analysis. Chicago 1988, pp. 147–204.

  • MacDougall, Donald, Rosemary Hurt, “Imperial Preference: A Quantitative Analysis.”The Economic Journal, Vol. 64, 1954, pp. 233–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • North, Douglas C, “Ocean Freight Rates and Economic Development, 1750-1913.”The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 18, 1958, pp. 537–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norheim, Hege, Karl-Michael Finger, Kym Anderson, “Appendix: Trends in the Regionalization of World Trade, 1928 to 1990.” In: Kym Anderson, Richard Blackhurst (Eds.),Regional Integration and the Global Trading System. London 1993, pp. 436–485.

  • Perkins, Dwight H., Moshe Syrquin, “Large Countries: The Influence of Size.” In: Hollis B. Chenery, T.N. Srinivasan (Eds.),Handbook of Development Economics, Vol. 2. Amsterdam 1989, pp. 1691–1753.

  • Pomfret, Richard W.T.,Unequal Trade: The Economics of Discriminatory International Trade Policies. Oxford 1988.

  • Sapir, André, “Regional Integration in Europe.”The Economic Journal, Vol. 102,1992, pp. 1491–1506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorbecke, Eric,The Tendency Towards Regionalization in International Trade, 1928–1956. The Hague 1960.

  • Tracy, James (Ed.),The Rise of Merchant Empires. Long-Distance Trade in the Early Modern World, 1350-1750. Cambridge 1991.

  • Winters, L. Alan, “The EC: A Case of Successful Integration.” In: Jaime de Melo, Arvind Panagariya (Eds.),New Dimensions in Regional Integration. Cambridge 1993, forthcoming.

  • World Bank,World Tables. Baltimore 1983 and 1992.

Download references

Authors

About this article

Cite this article

Anderson, K., Norheim, H. From imperial to regional trade preferences: Its effect on europe’s intra- and extra-regional trade. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 129, 78–102 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707488

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707488

Keywords

Navigation