Summary
The incidence of H2-oxidizing chemolithotrophic bacteria associated with rice grown under continuous wetland, upland, and rainfed wetland conditions was studied by14C-autoradiographic technique in a neutral soil at IRRI (Maahas) and an acid rainfed wetland soil (Luisiana).
In Maahas soil, H2-oxidizing chemolithotrophic bacteria were not detected in the endorhizosphere, rhizosphere, and nonrhizosphere soil of rice grown under dryland conditions. Under continuously flooded conditions a very large population of these bacteria were found in the endorhizosphere but not in the oxidized and reduced soil.
A very low population of these bacteria were found in the endorhizosphere and basal culm of rice grown under rainfed wetland conditions at Luisiana. Bacteria isolated from Maahas wetland rice and inoculated to rice seedling planted in Luisiana soil failed to establish.
Both Maahas and Luisiana soils consumed externally supplied H2 and produced H2 and CH4 almost at the same rate when they were amended with rice straw or sucrose. This paper discusses possible causes of variation in the number of these bacteria and their distribution in rice grown under different cultural and soil conditions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ando T, Yoshida S and Nishiyama I 1983 Nature of oxidizing power of rice roots. Plant and Soil 72, 57–71.
Armstrong W 1960 Rhizosphere oxidation in rice: An analysis of intervarietal differences in oxygen flux from the roots. Physiol. Plant. 22, 296–303.
Barraquio W L and Watanabe I 1981 Occurrence of aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria in wetland and dryland plants. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 27, 121–125.
Barraquio W L, De Guzman M R, Barrion M and Watanabe I 1982 Population of aerobic heterotrophic nitrogen fixing bacteria associated with wetland and dryland rice. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 43, 124–128.
Barraquio W L, Ladha J K and Watanabe I 1983 Isolation and identification of N2-fixing Pseudomonas associated with wetland rice. Can. J. Microbiol. 29, 867–873.
Bowein B and Schlegel H G 1981 Physiology and biochemistry of aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 35, 405–452.
Daroy M L and Watanabe I 1982 Nitrogen fixation by wetland rice grown in acid soil. Kalikasan, Philipp. J. Biol. 11, 339–348.
Green M S and Etherington J R 1977 Oxidation of ferrous iron by rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots: A mechanism of waterlogging tolerance. J. Exp. Bot., 28, 678–690.
Gowda T K S and Watanabe I 1983 Autoradiographic technique for screening chemolithotrophic hydrogen utilizing bacteria. Can. J. Microbiol. 29, 1081–1086.
Harrison W H and Aiyer P A S 1916 The gases of swamp rice soils III. A hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium from these soil Mem. Dep. Agric. India Chem. Ser. 4, 135–148.
Joshi M M, Ibrahim I K A and Hollis J P 1973 Oxygen release from rice seedlings. Physiol. Plant 29, 269–271.
Kimura M 1981 Microorganisms in wetland rice root rhizosphere. Chem. Org. 19, 473–480 (In Japanese).
Ladha J K, Barraquio W L and Watanabe I 1982 Immunological techniques to identify Azospirillum associated with wetland rice. Can. J. Microbiol. 28, 478–485.
Lee K K, Holst R W, Watanabe I and App A 1981 Gas transport through rice. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 27, 151–158.
McClung C R, Van Verkum P, Davis R E and Sloger C 1983 Enumeration and localization of N2 fixing bacteria associated with roots ofSpartina alterniflora Loisel. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45, 1914–1920.
Nishizawa N, Yoshida T and Arima Y 1983 Electron microscopic study of associative N2-fixing bacteria in roots of rice seedlings. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 29, 261–270.
Pedrosa F O, Stephan M, Dobereiner J and Yates M G 1982 Hydrogen uptake hydrogenase activity in nitrogen fixingAzospirillum brasilense. J. Gen. Microbiol. 128, 161–166.
Tadano T 1976 Studies on the methods to prevent iron toxicity in lowland rice. Mem. Fac. Agric. Hookaido Univ. 10, 22–68.
Tadano T and Yoshida S 1978 Chemical changes in submerged soils and their effect on rice growth.In Soils and Rice, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.
Tibelius K H and Knowles R 1983 Effect of hydrogen and oxygen on uptake hydrogenase activity in nitrogen-fixing and ammonium grownAzospirillum brasilense. Can. J. Microbiol. 29, 1119–1125.
Tsutsuki K 1983 Anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in submerged soils. Terminal Report of Post Doctoral Research Fellow, submitted to IRRI, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Watanabe I, Barraquio W L, De Guzman M R and Cabrera D A 1979 Nitrogen fixing (acetylene reduction) activity and population of aerobic heterotrophic nitrogen fixing bacteria associated with wetland rice. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 37, 813–819.
Watanabe I, Barraquio W L and Daroy M L 1982 Predominance of hydrogen-utilizing bacteria among N2-fixing bacteria in wetland rice roots. Can. J. Microbiol. 28, 1051–1054.
Yamane I and Sato K 1964 Decomposition of glucose and gas formation in flooeded soil. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 10, 127–133.
Yoshida T and Ancajas R R 1972 Nitrogen fixation activity in upland and flooded rice fields. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 37, 42–46.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gowda, T.K.S., Watanabe, I. Variation in the incidence of H2-oxidizing chemolithotrophic bacteria in rice grown under different cultivation conditions. Plant Soil 85, 97–105 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02197804
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02197804