Skip to main content
Log in

The scope of lower respiratory tract infection

Klinisches Spektrum tiefer Atemwegsinfektionen

  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are commonly classified as either bronchitis or pneumonia, and these infections are associated with an extremely high morbidity in the community, as well as a high mortality in those patients that require hospitalisation. Therefore, such infections place a huge burden, both economically and as a user of health services, on the entire health care system. The antibiotic treatment of community-acquired pneumonia caused by gram-negative organisms or staphylococci is controversial, and these organisms may cause one-third of the cases of community-acquired pneumonia. Nosocomial pneumonia is caused even more often by gram-negative bacteria, and as such the development of rational and effective antibiotic therapy to cover these organisms is very important.

Zusammenfassung

Tiefe Atemwegsinfektionen werden meist als Bronchitis oder Pneumonie klassifiziert. Die Morbidität dieser Infektionen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung ist hoch; bei den Patienten, die eine stationäre Behandlung benötigen besteht auch eine hohe Mortalität. Ökonomisch, für den Gesundheitsdienst und das gesamte Kranken-Versicherungswesen stellen solche Infektionen folglich eine hohe Belastung dar. Etwa ein Drittel der ambulant erworbenen Pneumonien werden durch gramnegative Bakterien oder durch Staphylokokken verursacht; die Antibiotikatherapie ist dabei umstritten. Bei nosokomialen Pneumonien stehen gramnegative Bakterien noch mehr im Vordergrund, eine rationale und wirksame Therapie, die diese Erreger abdeckt, ist daher von großer Bedeutung.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Woodhead, M. A., Macfarlane, J. T., McCracken, J. S., Rose, D. H., Finch, R. G. Prospective study of the aetiology and outcome of pneumonia in the community. Lancet i (1987) 671–674.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Anthonisen, N. R., Manfreda, J., Warren, C. P. W., Hershfield, E. S., Harding. G. K. M., Nelson, N. A. Antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 106 (1987) 196–204.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cole, P. Bronchiectasis. In:Brewis, R. A. L., Gibson, G. J., Geddes, D. M. (eds.): Respiratory medicine. Balliere Tindall, London 1990, pp. 726–759.

    Google Scholar 

  4. White, R. J., Blainey, A. D., Harrison, K. J., Clarke, S. K. R. Cause of pneumonia presenting to a district general hospital. Thorax 36 (1981) 566–570.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Macfarlane, J. T., Finch, R. G., Ward, M. J., Macrae, A. D. Hospital study of adult community acquired pneumonia. Lancet ii (1982) 255–258.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Research Committee of the British Thoracic Society Community-acquired pneumonia in adults in British hospitals in 1982–1983; a survey of aetiology, mortality, prognostic factors and outcome. Q. J. Med. 62 (1987) 195–220.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Holmberg, H. Aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospital treated patients. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 19 (1987) 491–501.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Communicable Diseases Center Update: tuberculosis elimination — United States. MMWR 39 (1990) 153–156.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Haley, R. W., Hooton, T. M., Culver, D. M., Stanley, R. C., Emori, T. G., Hardison, C. D., Quade, D., Shachtman, R. H., Schaberg, D. R., Shah, B. V., Schatz, G. D. Nosocomial infections in U.S. hospitals, 1975–1976; estimated frequency by selected characteristics of patients. Am. J. Med. 70 (1981) 947–959.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bartlett, J. G., O'Keefe, P., Tally, F. P., Louie, T. J., Gorbach, S. L. Bacteriology of hospital acquired pneumonia. Arch. Intern. Med. 146 (1986) 868–871.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ungar, B. L. P., Bartlett, J. G. Nosocomial pneumonia. In:Gleckman, R. A., Gantz, N. M. (eds.): Infections in the elderly. Brown, Boston 1983, pp. 91–116.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Winter, J.H. The scope of lower respiratory tract infection. Infection 19 (Suppl 7), S359–S364 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01715828

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01715828

Keywords

Navigation