Abstract
Transforaminal approach was started as the technique of percutaneous discectomy by Hijikata in Japan. Hijikata’s method was minimally invasive; however, it could not remove the entire herniated mass in the spinal canal because he did not use the endoscope. From the later 1980s, a trial was started by Kambin, Schreiber and Leu to utilize an endoscope or arthroscope in the percutaneous discectomy technique. The current single-portal endoscopic discectomy was established by Anthony Yeung. Initially, the indication was only for the herniated nucleus pulposus. Nowadays, thanks to the development of the instruments and high-speed drill, the indication enlarged to the spinal canal stenosis. These full-endoscopic spinal surgeries can be done under local anesthesia with 8 mm skin incision. This must be the least invasive spine surgery.
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References
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Sairyo, K., Maeda, T. (2021). History of Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery. In: Sairyo, K. (eds) Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery Under the Local Anesthesia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7023-0_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7023-0_1
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