Introduction
Good estimate of ice force is necessary to design ice-going ships because good hull shape design improves icebreaking and maneuverability and reduces the ice force acting on the hull, which reduce the required power. Currently, numerical models of ship–ice interactions have been developed and used for various ship and ice conditions. Four typical ice conditions must be considered when developing appropriate numerical models for ice-going vessel: level ice, pack ice, ridge ice, and icebergs. A main factor to assess ice-going ships is their performance in level ice. Early numerical modeling of level ice was conducted to calculate the icebreaking of continuous plate ice and to estimate the ice force (Valanto 1992, 2001). The drifting and impact of distinct ice floes...
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Sawamura, J. (2020). Numerical Simulation of Ice-Going Ships. In: Cui, W., Fu, S., Hu, Z. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6963-5_119-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6963-5_119-1
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