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IgG4-Related Kidney Disease pp 65–72Cite as

Plasmablasts: A Promising Biomarker in IgG4-Related Disease

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Abstract

Plasmablasts appear to play a central role in the pathophysiology of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). These cells are CD19lowCD20-CD27+CD38bright on flow cytometry and their absolute numbers in patients with IgG4-RD are dramatically higher in those patients than in healthy controls. Plasmablasts likely contribute to the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD through a variety of ways: (1) autoantibody production; (2) myofibroblast activation; (3) profibrotic cytokine production; or, (4) antigen-presentation to putative pathogenic T cells. This chapter introduces the reader to the concept of plasmablasts, reviewing the origin and biology of these cells, the processes of somatic hypermutation, affinity maturation, and class-switch recombination. It also discusses the identification of plasmablasts by flow cytometry and reviews the evidence for these cells’ centrality in the B cell-T cell crosstalk that is crucial to IgG4-RD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Medicine and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

    John H. Stone M.D., M.P.H.

  2. Rheumatology Clinic, Yawkey 2A, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Marco Lanzillotta M.D. & Emanuel Della-Torre M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Marco Lanzillotta M.D.
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  2. John H. Stone M.D., M.P.H.
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  3. Emanuel Della-Torre M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to John H. Stone M.D., M.P.H. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Takao Saito

  2. Rheumatology Clinic / Yawkey 2, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    John H. Stone

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Hitoshi Nakashima

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan

    Takako Saeki

  5. Division of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan

    Mitsuhiro Kawano

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Lanzillotta, M., Stone, J.H., Della-Torre, E. (2016). Plasmablasts: A Promising Biomarker in IgG4-Related Disease. In: Saito, T., Stone, J., Nakashima, H., Saeki, T., Kawano, M. (eds) IgG4-Related Kidney Disease. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55687-9_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55687-9_5

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