Abstract
Over the past 25 years, botulinum toxin therapy in adults has been established as a major mode of treatment for a variety of medical conditions. Several of these conditions including involuntary movements, spasticity, chronic migraine, excessive sweating/ drooling, and bladder dysfunction have been discussed in previous chapters. In this chapter, major indications of botulinum toxin therapy in childhood including stiffness of muscles with increased reflexes (spasticity), involuntary movements, strabismus (squint) and excessive sweating/ drooling will be addressed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Colver A, Fairhurst C, Pharoah P. Cerebral palsy. Lancet. 2014;383(9924):1240–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61835-8.
Koman LA, Mooney JF 3rd, Smith B, et al. Management of cerebral palsy with botulinum–A toxin: preliminary investigation. Pediatr Orthop. 1993;13:489–95.
Hong BY, Chang HJ, Lee SJ, et al. Efficacy of repeated botulinum toxin type A injections for spastic equinus in children with cerebral palsy–A secondary analysis of the randomized clinical trial. Toxins (Basel). 2017 Aug 21;9(8)
Pascale Leone SI. Use of of botulinum toxin in the preventive and palliative treatment of the hips in children with infantile cerebral palsy. Rev Neurol. 2003;37:80–2.
Koukouni V, Martino D, Arabia G, Quinn NP, Bhatia KP. The entity of young onset primary cervical dystonia. Mov Disord. 2007 Apr 30;22:843–7.
Kwak A, Hanna PA CH, Jankovic J. Botulinum toxin in the treatment of tics. Arch Neurol. 2000;57:1190–3.
Ludwig and Czyz CN. Anatomy, Head, Eye muscles. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; −.2017 Dec 11; 2018 Jan. PMID:29262013.
Crouch ER. Use of botulinum toxin in strabismus. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2006;17:435–40.
Basar E, Arici C. Use of botulinum neurotoxin in ophthalmology. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2016;46(6):282–90.
Mahadevan M, Gruber M, Bilish D. Botulinum toxin injections for chronic Sialorrhoea in children are effective regardless of the degree of neurological dysfunction: a single tertiary institution experience. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Sep;88:142–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.06.031. Epub 2016 Jun 11.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jabbari, B. (2018). Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Children. In: Botulinum Toxin Treatment . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99945-6_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99945-6_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99944-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-99945-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)