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Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC)

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Escherichia coli in the Americas

Summary

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is defined by the production of the characteristic aggregative adherence pattern on cultured epithelial cells. This pathotype is a food-borne emerging enteropathogen, responsible for cases of acute and persistent diarrhea in children and immunocompromised patients in developing countries, as well as in travelers returning from endemic areas. Growth and cognitive impairment are linked to EAEC infections in children living in developing countries. The pathogenesis of EAEC is characterized by abundant adherence to the intestinal mucosa, elaboration of enterotoxins/cytotoxins, and induction of mucosal inflammation. Several putative virulence factors associated with these three steps have been identified and characterized, but none of them is present in all strains. The virulence gene(s) that define virulent strains within this complex heterogeneity is yet to be determined. An increasing attention to this pathotype emerged since the massive outbreak caused by a hybrid hypervirulent Shiga toxin-expressing EAEC strain with severe clinical consequences.

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Acknowledgments

The authors were supported by a Conacyt grant (221130) to FNG and by FAPESP and CNPq grants to WPE. We also thank Paul S. Ugalde for the artistic work in Fig. 2.2, Lucia Chavez-Dueñas for organizing the reference database and Fernando H. Martins for his help with collecting epidemiological data in American countries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil

    Waldir P. Elias

  2. Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), México, Distrito Federal, Mexico

    Fernando Navarro-Garcia

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  1. Waldir P. Elias
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  2. Fernando Navarro-Garcia
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Correspondence to Fernando Navarro-Garcia .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA

    Alfredo G. Torres

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Elias, W.P., Navarro-Garcia, F. (2016). Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC). In: Torres, A. (eds) Escherichia coli in the Americas. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45092-6_2

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