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Post-transcriptional Mechanisms in Endocrine Regulation pp 1–36Cite as

Mechanisms of Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation

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Abstract

Post-transcriptional control plays a pervasive role in the regulation of gene expression, with direct relevance to the proper function of endocrine systems. This chapter explores the mechanisms that control protein expression at the levels of translation and mRNA degradation. First, we provide an overview of the pathways and factors involved in these processes. Next, we discuss the cis and trans-acting factors that modulate the amount, timing, and location of protein production and that regulate the rates of mRNA degradation. To emphasize key concepts in post-transcriptional control, we present prime examples of signals and regulatory factors that control mRNAs. Among these, we explore RNA binding proteins and non-coding RNAs that specifically and potently influence mRNA fate.

Note: Due to the space limitations and the broad nature of this chapter, we were unable to cite many important contributions, thus we apologize to colleagues whose work could not be highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Brian Alzua, who provided proofreading and comments on this chapter. This research was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01GM105707. R.A. was supported by the Michigan Predoctoral Training Program in Genetics through NIH National Research Service Award 5T32GM007544. J.B. was supported by the Michigan Predoctoral Training Program in Cellular Biotechnology through NIH National Research Service Award 5T32GM008353. E.A. was supported by the Michigan Predoctoral Training Program in Chemistry and Biology Interface through NIH National Research Service Award 2T32GM008597. A.C.G. was supported by a Research Scholar Grant, RSG-13-080-01-RMC, from the American Cancer Society.

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  1. Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    René Arvola, Elizabeth Abshire, Jennifer Bohn & Aaron C. Goldstrohm

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  1. Departments of Biological Chemistry & Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    K.M.J. Menon, PhD

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Aaron Goldstrohm, PhD

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Arvola, R., Abshire, E., Bohn, J., Goldstrohm, A.C. (2016). Mechanisms of Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation. In: Menon, PhD, K., Goldstrohm, PhD, A. (eds) Post-transcriptional Mechanisms in Endocrine Regulation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25124-0_1

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