Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Entropy Coding in HEVC

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)

Part of the book series: Integrated Circuits and Systems ((ICIR))

Abstract

Context-Based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) is a method of entropy coding first introduced in H.264/AVC and now used in the latest High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. While it provides high coding efficiency, the data dependencies in H.264/AVC CABAC make it challenging to parallelize and thus limit its throughput. Accordingly, during the standardization of entropy coding for HEVC, both aspects of coding efficiency and throughput were considered. This chapter describes the functionality and design methodology behind CABAC entropy coding in HEVC.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    cMax is defined by the standard for each relevant type of syntax element.

  2. 2.

    Please note that apart from the interval subdivision aspect there are some subtle technical differences between (and also within) the coder families, such as concerning, e.g., probability estimation, conditional exchange, carry-over handling, and termination.

  3. 3.

    There is one exception to this general rule in HEVC, which is discussed in more detail in Chap. 3.

  4. 4.

    Note that the term “significance flag” is interpreted here and in the following in a much broader sense than originally used in the context of H.264/AVC.

  5. 5.

    The benefit of inferring bins must be traded-off with a potential increase in context selection complexity.

  6. 6.

    Slice segments can also be used to fragment tiles and wavefronts into substreams.

  7. 7.

    Note that the value of end_of_sub_stream_one_bit is always 1 and it is only sent for the last CTU of a substream.

  8. 8.

    In H.264/AVC, mb_type and sub_mb_type are used to represent the following equivalent information in HEVC: split_cu_flag, pred_mode_flag, part_mode, pcm_flag, inter_pred_idc, coded block pattern (cbf_luma, cbf_cr, cbf_cb) and intra prediction mode for 16 × 16 intra-coded PU.

  9. 9.

    pred_mode_flag is not sent for CUs in I slices since they are all intra-coded.

  10. 10.

    Note that the minimum allowed inter-coded PART_NxN size is 8 × 8, so for CU size equal to 8 × 8, the only allowed partitions are PART_2NxN and PART_Nx2N, and cMax of 2 is used for truncated unary.

  11. 11.

    I_PCM is not allowed for intra-coded 4 × 4 blocks.

  12. 12.

    Note that the PCM sample bit depth (i.e., wordlength) for luma and chroma samples can be specified independently in the SPS.

  13. 13.

    Direction is also referred to as class in the HEVC specification.

  14. 14.

    For more details on MPM list construction please refer to Chap. 4.

  15. 15.

    Intra-predicted CUs typically have nonzero residual, so rqt_root_cbf is not used.

References

  1. Alshina E, Alshin A (2011) Multi-parameter probability up-date for CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F254, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  2. Amonou I, Cammas N, Clare G, Jung J, Noblet L, Pateux S, Matsuo S, Takamura S, Boon CS, Bossen F, Fujibayashi S, Kanumuri S, Suzuki Y, Takiue J, Tan TK, Drugeon V, Lim CS, Narroschke M, Nishi T, Sasai H, Shibahara Y, Uchibayashi K, Wedi T, Wittmann S, Bordes P, Gomila C, Guillotel P, Guo L, François E, Lu X, Sole J, Vieron J, Xu Q, Yin P, Zheng Y (2010) Video coding technology proposal by France Telecom, NTT, NTT DoCoMo, Panasonic and Technicolor, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-A114, Dresden, Apr. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  3. Auyeung C, Xu J, Korodi G, Zan J, He D, Piao Y, Alshina E, Min J, Park J (2011) A combined proposal from JCTVC-G366, JCTVC-G657, and JCTVC-G768 on context reduction of significance map coding with CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G1015, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  4. Belyaev E, Gilmutdinov M, Turlikov A (2006) Binary arithmetic coding system with adaptive probability estimation by “virtual sliding window”. In: 2006 IEEE tenth international symposium on consumer electronics (ISCE ’06), pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bjøntegaard G (2001) Calculation of average PSNR differences between RD curves, ITU-T SG16 Q6 Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), Document VCEG-M33, Austin, Apr. 2001

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bossen F (2012) HM 8 common test conditions and software reference configurations, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J1100, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bross B, Jung J (2011) Description of core experiment CE13: motion data parsing robustness and throughput, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F913, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  8. Budagavi M (2010) Tool experiment 8: parallel entropy coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-B308, Geneva, July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  9. Budagavi M (2010) TE8: TI parallel context processing (PCP) proposal, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-C062, Guangzhou, Oct. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  10. Budagavi M, Demircin MU (2010) Parallel context processing techniques for high coding efficiency entropy coding in HEVC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-B088, Geneva, July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  11. Budagavi M, Martin-Cocher G, Segall A (2010) JCT-VC AHG report: entropy coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-D009, Daegu, Jan. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  12. Budagavi M, Sze V (2012) coeff_abs_level_remaining maximum codeword length reduction, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J0142, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  13. Budagavi M, Segall A (2010) AHG report: parallel entropy coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-B009, Geneva, July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  14. Chandrakasan A, Sheng S, Brodersen R (1992) Low-power CMOS digital design. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 27(4):473–484. doi:10.1109/4.126534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Chen C, Lee T (2011) Simplified context model selection for block level syntax coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F497, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  16. Chen J, Chien WJ, Joshi R, Sole J, Karczewicz M (2012) Non-CE1: throughput improvement on CABAC coefficients level coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-H0554, San Jose, Feb. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  17. Y. H. Chen, V. Sze, “A 2014 Mbin/s Deeply Pipelined CABAC Decoder For HEVC,” IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Oct. 2014

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cheung A, Lui W (2011) Parallel processing friendly simplified context selection of significance map, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-D260, Daegu, Jan. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  19. Chien WJ, Chen J, Coban M, Karczewicz M (2012) Intra mode coding for INTRA_NxN, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-I0302, Geneva, Apr. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  20. Chien WJ, Karczewicz M, Wang X (2011) Memory and parsing friendly CABAC context, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F606, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  21. ChienWJ, Karczewicz M, Sole J, Chen J (2012) On coefficient level remaining coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-I0487, Geneva, Apr. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  22. Chono K (2012) BoG report on intra mode coding cleanup and simplification, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-H0712, San Jose, Feb. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chono K, Aoki H (2011) Efficient binary representation of cu_qp_delta syntax for CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F046, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  24. Clare G, Henry F, Jung J (2011) Sign data hiding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G271, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  25. Finchelstein D, Sze V, Chandrakasan A (2009) Multicore processing and efficient on-chip caching for H.264 and future video decoders. IEEE Trans CSVT 19(11):1704–1713

    Google Scholar 

  26. Fuldseth A, Bjøntegaard G, Budagavi M, Sze V (2011) CE10: core transform design for HEVC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G495, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  27. Gordon C, Henry F, Pateux S (2011) Wavefront parallel processing for HEVC encoding and decoding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F274, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  28. Guo X, Huang YW, Lei S (2009) Ordered entropy slices for parallel CABAC, ITU-T SG16 Q6 Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), Document VCEG-AK25, Yokohoma, Apr. 2009

    Google Scholar 

  29. Guo L, Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M, Yeo C, Tan Y, Li Z (2012) CE1 B3: 8-bit linear initialization for CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-H0535, San Jose, Feb. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  30. H.264/AVC Reference Software, JM 16.2. http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/, 2009

  31. He D, Korodi G, Martin-Cocher G, Yang EH, Yu X, Zan J (2010) Video coding technology proposal by research in motion, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-A120, Dresden, Apr. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  32. Helle P, Oudin S, Bross B, Marpe D, Bici M, Ugur K, Jung J, Clare G, Wiegand T (2012) Block merging for quadtree-based partitioning in HEVC. IEEE Trans CSVT 22(12): 1720–1731

    Google Scholar 

  33. Hellman T, Yu Y (2011) Decoder performance restrictions due to merge/MVP index parsing, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F341, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  34. Henry F, Pateux S (2011) Wavefront parallel processing, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E196, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  35. HEVC Test Model, HM 8.0. https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/svn/svn_HEVCSoftware/tags/HM-8.0/, 2012

  36. Huang YW, Alshina E (2012) BoG report on integrated text of SAO adoptions on top of JCTVC-I0030, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-I0602, Geneva, Apr. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  37. Joshi R, Alshina E, Sasai H, Kirchhoffer H, Lainema J (2011) Description of core experiment 1: entropy coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F901, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  38. Jung J, Laroche G (2006) Competition-based scheme for motion vector selection and coding, ITU-T SG16 Q6 Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), Document VCEG-AC06, Klagenfurt, July 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Karczewicz M, Chen P, Joshi R, Wang X, Chien WJ, Panchal R (2010) Video coding technology proposal by Qualcomm, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-A121, Dresden, Apr. 2001

    Google Scholar 

  40. Kim WS, Kwon DK (2011) Non-CE8: method of visual coding artifact removal for SAO, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G0680, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  41. Kumakura T, Fukushima S (2012) Non-CE3: simplified context derivation for significance map, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-I0296, Geneva, Apr. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  42. Lan C, Xu J, Sullivan GJ, Wu F (2012) Intra transform skipping, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-I0408, Geneva, Apr. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  43. Marpe D, Wiegand T (2003) A highly efficient multiplication-free binary arithmetic coder and its application in video coding. In: IEEE international conference on image processing, pp 263–266

    Google Scholar 

  44. Marpe D, Blättermann G, Wiegand T (2001) Adaptive codes for H.26L, ITU-T SG16 Q6 Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), Document VCEG-L13, Eibsee, Jan. 2001

    Google Scholar 

  45. Marpe D, Heising G, Blättermann G,Wiegand T (2002) Fast arithmetic coding for CABAC, Joint Video Team (JVT), Document JVT-C061, Fairfax, Mar. 2002

    Google Scholar 

  46. Marpe D, Schwarz H, Wiegand T (2003) Context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding in the H.264/AVC video compression standard. IEEE Trans CSVT 13(7):620–636

    Google Scholar 

  47. Marpe D, Marten G, Cycon HL (2006) A fast renormalization technique for H. 264/MPEG4-AVC arithmetic coding. In: 51st Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium Technische Universität Ilmenau

    Google Scholar 

  48. Marpe D, Marten G, Wiegand T (2006) Fast CABAC renormalization for H.264/MPEG4-AVC. Joint Video Team (JVT), Document JVT-U084, Hangzhou, Oct. 2005

    Google Scholar 

  49. Marpe D, Bosse S, Bross B, Helle P, Hinz T, Kirchhoffer H, Lakshman H, Oudin S, Schwarz H, Siekmann M, Sühring K, Winken M, Wiegand T (2010) Video compression using nested quadtree structures, leaf merging and improved techniques for motion representation and entropy coding. IEEE Trans CSVT 20(12):1676–1687

    Google Scholar 

  50. Marpe D, Schwarz H, Wiegand T (2010) Entropy coding in video compression using probability interval partitioning. In: Picture coding symposium (PCS), pp 66–69

    Google Scholar 

  51. Marpe D, Schwarz H, Wiegand T (2010) Novel entropy coding concept, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-A032, Dresden, Apr. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  52. Marpe D, Kirchhoffer H, Bross B, George V, Nguyen T, PreißM, Siekmann M, Stegemann J, Wiegand T (2011) Unified PIPE-based entropy coding for HEVC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F268, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  53. McCann K, Bross B, Sekiguchi S, HanWJ (2010) HEVC test model 1 (HM 1) encoder description, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-C402, Guangzhou, Oct. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  54. Nguyen T (2011) CE11: coding of transform coefficient levels with Golomb-Rice codes, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E253, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  55. Nguyen T, Schwarz H, Kirchhoffer H, Marpe D, Wiegand T (2010) Improved context modeling for coding quantized transform coefficients in video compression. In: Picture coding symposium (PCS), pp 378–381

    Google Scholar 

  56. Nguyen N, Ji T, He D, Martin-Cocher G, Song L (2011) Multi-level significant maps for large transform units, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G644, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  57. Nguyen T, Marpe D, Schwarz H, Wiegand T (2011) CE11: evaluation of transform coding tools in HE configuration, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-D061, Daegu, Jan. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  58. Nguyen T, Marpe D, Schwarz H, Wiegand T (2011) Modified binarization and coding of MVD for PIPE/CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F455, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  59. Nguyen T, Winken M, Marpe D, Schwarz H, Wiegand T (2011) Reduced complexity entropy coding of transform coefficient levels using a combination of VLC and PIPE, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-D336, Daegu, Jan. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  60. Nguyen N, Ji T, He D, Martin-Cocher G (2012) Non-CE1: throughput improvement on CABAC coefficients level coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-H0554, San Jose, Feb. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  61. Peng X, Lan C, Xu J, Sullivan GJ (2012) Inter transform skipping, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J0237, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  62. Piao Y, Min J, Alshina E, Park JT (2011) Reduced chroma contexts for significance map coding in CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G781, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  63. ITU-T Rec. H.264 and ISO/IEC 14496-10 (2003) Advanced video coding

    Google Scholar 

  64. ITU-T Rec. H.265 and 23008-2 (2013) High efficiency video coding

    Google Scholar 

  65. Ryabko BY (1996) Imaginary sliding window as a tool for data compression. Probl Inf Transm 32(2):156–163

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  66. Sasai H, Nishi T (2011) CE11: context size reduction for the significance map, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E227, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  67. Sasai H, Nishi T (2011) Modified MVD coding for CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F423, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  68. Sasai H, Nishi T (2011) Modified context derivation for neighboring dependency reduction, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F429, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  69. Schierl T, Goerge V, Henkel A, Marpe D (2012) Dependent slices, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-I0229, Geneva, Apr. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  70. Seregin V, Kim IK (2011) Binarisation modification for last position coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F375, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  71. Seregin V, Sole J, Karczewicz M,Wang X, Sze V, Budagavi M (2012) AHG5: bypass bins for reference index coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J0098, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  72. Shannon CE (1948) A mathematical theory of communications. Bell Syst Tech J 27:379–423

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  73. Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M (2011) CE11: parallel context processing for the significance map in high coding efficiency, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E338, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  74. Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M (2011) CE11: unified scans for the significance map and coefficient level coding in high efficiency, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F288, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  75. Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M (2011) CE11: scanning of residual data in HE, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F552, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  76. Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M (2011) Non-CE11: diagonal sub-block scan for HE residual coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G323, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  77. Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M (2012) Removal of the 8x2/2x8 coefficient groups, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J0256, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  78. Stegemann J, Kirchhoffer H, Marpe D, Wiegand T (2011) Non-CE1: counterbased probability model update with adapted arithmetic coding engine, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G547, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  79. Sugio T, Nishi T (2011) Parsing robustness for Merge/AMVP, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F470, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  80. Sze V (2011) Context selection complexity in HEVC CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-D244, Daegu, Jan. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  81. Sze V (2011) Reduction in contexts used for significant_coeff_flag and coefficient level, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F132, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  82. Sze V (2011) BoG report on context reduction for CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F746, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  83. Sze V, Allen R (2011) BoG report on intra mode coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-G1017, Geneva, Nov. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  84. Sze V, Budagavi M (2008) Parallel CABAC, ITU-T SG16 Q6, Document COM-16-C-334-E, Geneva, Apr. 2008

    Google Scholar 

  85. Sze V, Budagavi M (2010) Parallelization of HHI_TRANSFORM_CODING, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-C227, Guangzhou, Oct. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  86. Sze V, Budagavi M (2011) CE11: parallelization of HHI_TRANSFORM_CODING fixed diagonal scan, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F129, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  87. Sze V, BudagaviM(2011) Parallel context processing of coefficient level, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F130, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  88. Sze V, Budagavi M (2012) High throughput CABAC entropy coding in HEVC. IEEE Trans CSVT 22(12):1778–1791. doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221526

    Google Scholar 

  89. Sze V, Budagavi M (2013) A comparison of CABAC throughput for HEVC/H.265 vs. AVC/H.264. In: IEEE workshop on signal processing systems

    Google Scholar 

  90. Sze V, Chandrakasan AP (2011) Joint algorithm-architecture optimization of CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E324, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  91. Sze V, Chandrakasan AP (2011) Simplified MVD context selection (extension of JCTVC-E324), Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F133, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

  92. Sze V, Chandrakasan AP (2011) Joint algorithm-architecture optimization of CABAC to increase speed and reduce area cost. In: IEEE international conference on acoustics, speech and signal processing, pp 1577–1580

    Google Scholar 

  93. Sze V, Sasai H (2011) Modification to JCTVC-E227 in CE11 for reduced dependency with MDCS, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E489, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  94. Sze V, Budagavi M, Chandrakasan A, Zhou M (2008) Parallel CABAC for low power video coding. In: IEEE international conference on image processing, pp 2096–2099

    Google Scholar 

  95. Sze V, Budagavi M, Demircin MU (2008) CABAC throughput requirements for real-time decoding, ITU-T SG16 Q6 Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), Document VCEG-AJ31, San Diego, Oct. 2008

    Google Scholar 

  96. Sze V, Budagavi M, Chandrakasan A (2009) Massively parallel CABAC, ITU-T SG16 Q6 Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), Document VCEG-AL21, Geneva, July 2009

    Google Scholar 

  97. Sze V, Panusopone K, Chen J, Nguyen T, Coban M (2010) Description of core experiment 11: coefficient scanning and coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-C511, Guangzhou, Oct. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  98. Sze V, Budagavi M, Seregin V, Sole J, Karczewicz M (2012) AHG5: bin reduction for delta QP coding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J0089, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  99. Terada K, Sasai H, Nishi T (2012) Non-CE11: simplification of context selection for significant_coeff_flag, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-H0290, San Jose, Feb. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  100. Ugur K, Saxena A (2012) CE1: summary report of core experiment on intra transform mode dependency simplifications, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-J0021, Stockholm, July 2012

    Google Scholar 

  101. ITU-T SG16 Q6 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 (2010) Joint call for proposals on video compression technology. ITU-T SG16 Q6 document VCEG-AM91 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 document N11113, Kyoto, 22 Jan. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  102. Winken M, Bosse S, Bross B, Helle P, Hinz T, Kirchhoffer H, Lakshman H, Marpe D, Oudin S, PreißM, Schwarz H, Siekmann M, Sühring K, Wiegand T (2010) Description of video coding technology proposal by Fraunhofer HHI, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-A116, Dresden, Apr. 2010

    Google Scholar 

  103. Yang YC, Guo JI (2009) High-throughput H.264/AVC high-profile CABAC decoder for HDTV applications. IEEE Trans CSVT 19(9):1395–1399. doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2009. 2020340

    Google Scholar 

  104. Yu X,Wang J, He D, Martin-Cocher G, Campbell S (2012) Multiple sign bits hiding, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-H0481, San Jose, 2012

    Google Scholar 

  105. Zhao J, Segall A (2008) Entropy slices for parallel entropy decoding, ITU-T SG16 Q6, Document COM-16-C-405-E, Geneva, Apr. 2008

    Google Scholar 

  106. Zheng Y, Coban M, Wang X, Sole J, Joshi R, Karczewicz M (2011) CE11: mode dependent coefficient scanning, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-D393, Daegu, Jan. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  107. Zhou M, Sze V (2011) A study on HM2.0 bitstream parsing and error resiliency issue, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-E118, Geneva, Mar. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  108. Zhou M, Sze V, Mastuba Y (2011) A study on HEVC parsing throughput issue, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Document JCTVC-F068, Torino, July 2011

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA

    Vivienne Sze

  2. Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI), Berlin, Germany

    Detlev Marpe

Authors
  1. Vivienne Sze
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Detlev Marpe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vivienne Sze .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    Vivienne Sze

  2. Plano, Texas, USA

    Madhukar Budagavi

  3. Bellevue, Washington, USA

    Gary J. Sullivan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sze, V., Marpe, D. (2014). Entropy Coding in HEVC. In: Sze, V., Budagavi, M., Sullivan, G. (eds) High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Integrated Circuits and Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06895-4_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06895-4_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-06894-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-06895-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation